intro to genetics

genetics

study of heredity

genetics

studies how traits are passed down through genes from one generation to another

Charles Darwin

theory of evolution and natural selection

finches

Charles darwin studied _____ in galapagos island (Mid to late 19th century)

Alfred Russell Wallace

studied the same thing w charles darwin but in a different area— malay archipelago (Mid to late 19th century)

Linnaean society of London

charles darwin and alfred wallace presented their ideas together in ____ on 1858

Gregor Mendel

a monk who studied Pisum sativum (pea plants) to prove passing of traits from one generation to another for 2 years; started 1850, presented 1865, published 1866

Pisum sativum

true breeding plants, self pollinating, fast growing, clear cut differences

law of segregation and law of independent assortment

results of gregor mendel’s experiment

Friedrich Miescher

1869, discovered nuclein by isolating from puss, and paved the way for molecular genetics

DNA

nuclein today

Ernst Haeckel

proposed cell nucleus is involved in heredity

idioplasm

ernst haeckel termed nucleus as

Hugo de Vries

introduced the idea of mutation

Hugo de Vries
Carl Correns
Erich Von Tschermak

rediscovered theory of evolution in 1900s using pea plant and other plants like zea mays

Thomas Hunt Morgan

agreed to gregor mendell’s principle but is not applicable to drosophila (1900)

linked genes

Thomas Hunt Morgan discovered ____; genes located on same chromosome

William Bateson

coined term genetics in 1905

1906

the term genetics is used by international conference on genetics in ____

Walter Sutton & Theodor Boveri

independently proposed that chromosomes carry genetic material in 1902

chromosomes

densely packed DNA

DNA

carries genetic material for genotype and phenotype

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

in an ideal population (big population with no mutations or environmental conditions acting upon), alleles and gene frequency remain constant

GH hardy & Wilhelm Weinberg

proponents of Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Herman Nilsson Ehle

1909 discovered quantitative traits

quantitative traits

foundation of quantitative genetics

Frederick Griffith

1928 transformation experiment using Streptococcus pneumonae

S strain

mixed dead S strain (pathogenic/virulent has capsule) & R strain results in

Oswald Avery
Collin Macleod
Maclyn McCarty

1944 transformation principle

transformation principle

dna from s strain → r strain = s strain

Alfred Hershey
Martha Chase

1952 DNA carry hereditary material, not protein

James Watson
Francis crick

1953, proposed the helix shape of DNA

nobel prize 1962

watson crick were awarded the ____

Rosalind Franklyn

1953 x-ray crystallographer; extract x-ray diffraction data and discovered the double helix shape of DNA

2 nanometers

dna diameter

10 base pairs

dna periodicity or circumference

Maurice Wilkins

snitched rosalind franklin’s work to watson crick

Particulate inheritance

Gregor mendel, combination of two parents