Methods for Conducting Sociological Research

Operationalization

________: definition of a concept into a term that varies & can be measured.

Reliability

________: Degree to which a measurement instrument gives the same results each time that it is used,

Induction

________: reasoning from the particular to the general.

Deduction

________: reasoning from the general to the specific.

Causality

________ is the idea that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another factor.

modification of hypotheses

A procedure involving the formulation, testing, and ________ based on systematic observation, measurement and /or experiments.

Mind sets

________ are patterns of thinking that affect how we respond to new ideas.

Hypothesis

________: A tentative statement, based on research, theory or prior evidence, that asserts a relationship between two factors.

Validity

________: Degree to which the measurement reflects what the researcher is hoping to understand about the social world.

Theory

________: a system of orienting ideas.

Concept

________: a formal definition of what is being studied.

original theory

Analyze the data collected through observation to confirm, reject or modify the ________.

level of inequality

An increase in the ________ in society will result in an increase in the crime rate in that society.

Correlation

________ (or association) is when two variables tend to track each other positively or negatively (i.e., they tend to vary together)