BIOCHEM part 6: Steroid Hormones and Vitamins

a hormone is a molecule that is _________________ in one part of an organism, which then elicits a _______ at a different site

synthesized in one part of an organism

response at a different site

name for the nucleus of steroid hormones?

chloropentanoperhydrophenanthrene

two classes of steroid hormones:

sex hormones

adrenal cortical steroids

what are the female sex hormones?

estrogens and progestins

the male sex hormones are called _____________

androgens

are estrogen steroids that control development of secondary sex characteristics, regulate the menstrual cycle, and are made in the ovaries

estradiol and estrone

what steroid hormone is this?

estradiol

what steroid hormone is this?

estrone

is called pregnancy hormone

progesterone

steroid hormone responsible for the preparation of the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg

progesterone

what steroid hormone is this?

progesterone

are androgens that control the development of secondary characteristics in males

testosterone and androsterone

what steroid hormone is this?

testosterone

what steroid hormone is this?

androsterone

Synthetic androgen analogues called ___________, promote muscle growth

anabolic steroids

have the same effect as testosterone but are more stable so they are not metabolized as quickly

anabolic steroids

what steroid hormone is this?

tetrahydrogestrinone

what steroid hormone is this?

stanozolol

what steroid hormone is this?

nandrolone

give three examples of adrenal cortical steroids:

aldosterone

cortisone

cortisol

what steroid hormone is this?

aldosterone

what steroid hormone is this?

cortisone

what steroid hormone is this?

cortisol

an adrenal cortical steroid that regulates blood pressure and volume by controlling the concentration of Na+ and K+ in body fluids

Aldosterone

Cortisone and cortisol serve as _____________agents, which also regulate ________________ metabolism

anti-inflammatory response

carbohydrate metabolism

prolonged use of steroids can have undesired side effects, including __________ and ____________

bone loss and high blood pressure

________________, a synthetic alternative to common adrenal cortical steroids, that have similar anti-inflammatory properties

prednisone

Vitamins are _____________ required in small quantities for _____________ and must be obtained from the diet

are organic compounds; normal metabolism

Vitamins are either _______soluble or ______ soluble

water soluble, fat soluble

Vitamins are found in:

fruits, vegetables, fish, liver and dairy products

Vitamins are stored in __________ to be used when needed

adipose cells

Vitamin A is found in ___________, ___________, and __________

liver, fish, and dairy products

Vitamin A is made from ________

beta carotene

vitamin A is needed for?

vision and for healthy mucous membranes

Vitamin A causes ____________(night blindness) and _____________

xenophthalmia and dry eyes and skin