10th grade science exam revision | theory

Genetic disorders

When DNA has a mutation, and there is an altered instruction for making protein.

Homozygous

If genes in an allele are the same and pure bred.

chromosones

Each somatic cell has 46 of them, or 23 pairs.

How do fossils help prove the theory of evolution?

Continents (now separated across oceans) have the same fossils based on where they were once connected in the past.

Alleles

Alternative forms of a gene.

Deceleration

acceleration in the opposite direction.

Velocity

vector quantity of distance travelled over time

Genes

a sequence of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a particular protein that codes characteristics such as eye colour, inherited from our parents

Phenotype

VISIBLE APPEARANCE

Genotype

the genetic makeup

The principle of "survival of the fittest"

animals with traits that suit their environment are more likely to survive and produce offspring with that genetic makeup

Isolation

species are isolated from each other, creating different genetic pools to adapt to different envrionments

Separation

species cannot interbreed

Speciation

species formed

Index fossils

common fossils in different areas which were made at the same time, which can be used to compare fossils in different locations