Module 5 – New Words

when a particular type of animal or plant stops existing

extinction

relating to forms of energy that are produced using the sun, wind, etc., or from crops, rather than those using fuels such as oil or coal

renewable

a process by which you get rid of dirt or waste from a place

clean-up

the protection of natural things such as animals, plants, forests etc, to prevent them from being spoiled or destroyed

conservation

a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops

pesticide

to buy or take something quickly or enthusiastically because it is exactly what you want or very cheap

snap sth up

to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use

pollute

a long fish from South America that produces electricity to help it catch other fish for food

electric eel

a kind of crab that lives in the empty shells of other sea creatures

hermit crab

a North American animal that has thick fur and a wide flat tail, and cuts down trees with its teeth

beaver

a special wall built across a river or stream to stop the water from flowing, especially in order to make a lake or produce electricity

dam

a type of small insect that feeds on the juices of plants

aphid

a large amount of money or valuable possessions that someone has

wealth

related to the sea or sea transport

marine

a type of animal that drinks milk from its mother’s body when it is young

mammal

a type of animal, such as a snake or lizard, whose body temperature changes according to the temperature around it, and that usually lays eggs to have babies

reptile

too many to be counted

countless

an escape from a place or unpleasant situation, especially after committing a crime

getaway

a lot of something useful or good

a wealth of sth

to meet someone unexpectedly

encounter

very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc

luxury

all the animals and plants in a particular area, and the way in which they are related to each other and to their environment

ecosystem

a slow-moving land animal that can pull its head and legs into the hard round shell that covers its body

tortoise

a large tropical American lizard

iguana

an area of land in which animals and plants are protected

nature reserve

holidays in which visitors stay in country areas on farms or near farms

agritourism

friendly behaviour towards visitors

hospitality

a large mammal that eats fish and lives partly in the sea and partly on land

monk seal

a sea animal that looks similar to a dolphin and breathes air

porpoise

rain that contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of burning substances such as coal and oil

acid rain

to make something such as a fire or cigarette stop burning

put out

gases released by vehicles when the engine is running

exhaust fumes

the natural home of a plant or animal

habitat

intended to be used once or for a short time and then thrown away

disposable

waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place

litter

the water that comes out of the taps in a building that are connected to the main supply of the local water system

tap water

relating to the sun

solar

a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or can only move very slowly

traffic jam

buses, trains etc that are available for everyone to use

public transport

to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid, or to cause something to do this

melt

to delay doing something or to arrange to do something at a later time or date, especially because there is a problem or you do not want to do it now

put sb/sth off

to put something in the place where it is usually kept

put sth ←→ away

in a situation where you may be harmed

at risk

to become fatter and heavier

put on weight

someone whose job at a beach or swimming pool is to help swimmers who are in danger

lifeguard

done, made, or given willingly, without being forced or paid to do it

voluntary

very good or beautiful, and very impressive

magnificent

money you earn that is paid according to the number of hours, days, or weeks that you work

wage

a job, especially an important one in a large organization

post

to collect several things, often from different places or people

gather

continuing for only a limited period of time

temporary

the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something

impact

able to continue without causing damage to the environment

sustainable

a silver-white metal that is very light and is used to make cans, cooking pans, window frames etc

aluminium

to find something and bring it back

retrieve

tidy and attractive enough to be seen or shown to someone

presentable

someone whose job is to build walls, buildings etc with bricks

bricklayer

in a fashionable and slightly formal way

smartly

a type of turtle that has a very large head

loggerhead

a group of people who travel together, especially to work or school, usually in a different member's car each day

carpool

cows and bulls kept on a farm for their meat or milk

cattle

a mixture of decayed plants, leaves etc used to improve the quality of soil

compost

remaining after all the rest has been used, taken, or eaten

leftover

to regularly travel a long distance to get to work

commute

to be good at making plants grow

have green fingers

a natural or chemical substance that is spread on the land or given to plants, to make plants grow well

fertiliser

a process by which you get rid of dirt or waste from a place

clean-up

relating to farming or gardening methods of growing food without using artificial chemicals, or produced or grown by these methods

organic

an animal, such as a dog or cat, that is lost or has no home

stray

the process of taking too many fish from the sea, a river etc, so that the number of fish in it becomes too low

overfishing

a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy

fuel

the container or material that a product is sold in

packaging

to disconnect a piece of electrical equipment by pulling its plug out of a socket

unplug

a large container for rubbish that has wheels so that it can be moved easily

wheelie bin

a large, exciting, and expensive event or entertainment

extravaganza

large in size, amount, or degree

extensive

to be very likely to do or feel a particular thing

be found to

certain or extremely likely to happen

be bound in/to sth

a place where an organized meeting, concert etc takes place

venue