Module 5 – New Words
1. extinction - when a particular type of animal or plant stops existing
2. renewable - relating to forms of energy that are produced using the sun, wind, etc., or from crops, rather than those using fuels such as oil or coal
3. clean-up - a process by which you get rid of dirt or waste from a place
4. conservation - the protection of natural things such as animals, plants, forests etc, to prevent them from being spoiled or destroyed
5. pesticide - a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops
6. snap sth up - to buy or take something quickly or enthusiastically because it is exactly what you want or very cheap
7. pollute - to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use
8. electric eel - a long fish from South America that produces electricity to help it catch other fish for food
9. hermit crab - a kind of crab that lives in the empty shells of other sea creatures
10. beaver - a North American animal that has thick fur and a wide flat tail, and cuts down trees with its teeth
11. dam - a special wall built across a river or stream to stop the water from flowing, especially in order to make a lake or produce electricity
12. aphid - a type of small insect that feeds on the juices of plants
13. wealth - a large amount of money or valuable possessions that someone has
14. marine - related to the sea or sea transport
15. mammal - a type of animal that drinks milk from its mother’s body when it is young
16. reptile - a type of animal, such as a snake or lizard, whose body temperature changes according to the temperature around it, and that usually lays eggs to have babies
17. countless - too many to be counted
18. getaway - an escape from a place or unpleasant situation, especially after committing a crime
19. a wealth of sth - a lot of something useful or good
20. encounter - to meet someone unexpectedly
21. luxury - very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc
22. ecosystem - all the animals and plants in a particular area, and the way in which they are related to each other and to their environment
23. tortoise - a slow-moving land animal that can pull its head and legs into the hard round shell that covers its body
24. iguana - a large tropical American lizard
25. nature reserve - an area of land in which animals and plants are protected
26. agritourism - holidays in which visitors stay in country areas on farms or near farms
27. hospitality - friendly behaviour towards visitors
28. monk seal - a large mammal that eats fish and lives partly in the sea and partly on land
29. porpoise - a sea animal that looks similar to a dolphin and breathes air
30. acid rain - rain that contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of burning substances such as coal and oil
31. put out - to make something such as a fire or cigarette stop burning
32. exhaust fumes - gases released by vehicles when the engine is running
33. habitat - the natural home of a plant or animal
34. disposable - intended to be used once or for a short time and then thrown away
35. litter - waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place
36. tap water - the water that comes out of the taps in a building that are connected to the main supply of the local water system
37. solar - relating to the sun
38. traffic jam - a long line of vehicles on a road that cannot move or can only move very slowly
39. public transport - buses, trains etc that are available for everyone to use
40. melt - to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid, or to cause something to do this
41. put sb/sth off - to delay doing something or to arrange to do something at a later time or date, especially because there is a problem or you do not want to do it now
42. put sth <--> away - to put something in the place where it is usually kept
43. at risk - in a situation where you may be harmed
44. put on weight - to become fatter and heavier
45. lifeguard - someone whose job at a beach or swimming pool is to help swimmers who are in danger
46. voluntary - done, made, or given willingly, without being forced or paid to do it
47. magnificent - very good or beautiful, and very impressive
48. wage - money you earn that is paid according to the number of hours, days, or weeks that you work
49. post - a job, especially an important one in a large organization
50. gather - to collect several things, often from different places or people
51. temporary - continuing for only a limited period of time
52. impact - the effect or influence that an event, situation etc has on someone or something
53. sustainable - able to continue without causing damage to the environment
54. aluminium - a silver-white metal that is very light and is used to make cans, cooking pans, window frames etc
55. retrieve - to find something and bring it back
56. presentable - tidy and attractive enough to be seen or shown to someone
57. bricklayer - someone whose job is to build walls, buildings etc with bricks
58. smartly - in a fashionable and slightly formal way
59. loggerhead - a type of turtle (= an animal living in or near water with a thick shell covering its body) that has a very large head
60. carpool - a group of people who travel together, especially to work or school, usually in a different member's car each day
61. cattle - cows and bulls kept on a farm for their meat or milk
62. compost - a mixture of decayed plants, leaves etc used to improve the quality of soil
63. leftover - remaining after all the rest has been used, taken, or eaten
64. commute - to regularly travel a long distance to get to work
65. have green fingers - to be good at making plants grow
66. fertiliser - a natural or chemical substance that is spread on the land or given to plants, to make plants grow well
67. clean-up - a process by which you get rid of dirt or waste from a place
68. organic - relating to farming or gardening methods of growing food without using artificial chemicals, or produced or grown by these methods
69. stray - an animal, such as a dog or cat, that is lost or has no home
70. overfishing - the process of taking too many fish from the sea, a river etc, so that the number of fish in it becomes too low
71. fuel - a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy
72. packaging - the container or material that a product is sold in
73. unplug - to disconnect a piece of electrical equipment by pulling its plug out of a socket
74. wheelie bin - a large container for rubbish that has wheels so that it can be moved easily
75. extravaganza - a large, exciting, and expensive event or entertainment
76. extensive - large in size, amount, or degree
77. be found to – to be very likely to do or feel a particular thing
78. be bound in/to sth - certain or extremely likely to happen
79. venue - a place where an organized meeting, concert etc takes place