BIO: Unit 1 Study Guide

Producers

Organisms that capture energy from sunlight through photosynthesis and provide food from inorganic compounds.

Mutualism

Both species benefit from the relationship

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Two species with identical niches cannot coexist for prolonged periods of time

max number of individuals

Carrying capacity: The an environment can support.

Climax community

The state where populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment

Parasitism

One individual lives on /in another individual and causes harm.

Example

Overcrowding, disease, etc

Carrying capacity

The max number of individuals an environment can support

Immigration

The movement of individuals into an area.

Climax community

The state where populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment.

Specialist

Organisms that feed on specific things and have a narrower niche.

Primary Consumers

Organisms that feed on producers

Biotic Factors

Living factors in an environment

Specialist

Organisms that feed on specific things and have a narrower niche

Emigration

The movement of individuals out of an area.

Commensalism

One individual benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

What is Scientific Method

An observation/Inference

Exponential population growth

The trend that occurs when population growth increases with population size.

population growth

Limiting Factors: Factors that cause to decrease.

Asexual

One organism makes an exact genetic copy of itself

Commensalism

One individual benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped

Dependent Variables

Measured during the investigation; represented on the y-axis

Example

Unusual weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, human impacts, etc

Secondary

Organisms that feed on primary consumers

Generalist

Organisms that feed on a wide variety of food and have a wider niche.

Quantitative Data

Data represented by numbers and statistics

Mutualism

Both species benefit from the relationship.

Density Independent

Limiting factors that have nothing to do with population size.

Tertiary

Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on both primary and secondary consumers.

Homeostasis

The state of steady internal, physical, and chemical conditions- Equilibrium.

Parasitism

One individual lives on/in another individual and causes harm

Producers

Organisms that capture energy from sunlight through photosynthesis and provide food from inorganic compounds

Exponential population growth

The trend that occurs when population growth increases with population size

PURPOSE

To collect Data

Secondary Succession

Soil is present

Niche

A role an organism plays in a community.

Emigration

The movement of individuals out of an area

Pioneer Organisms

An organism that populates a region after a natural disaster, mass extinction, or any other event that kills off most life in the area.

Steps

Observation, Ask a Question, Research or use prior knowledge, hypothesis, experiment, analyze data, conclusion, report

Example of Parasitism

Mosquitoes take blood from humans and humans get itchy and can catch disease

Density

dependent: Limiting factors that depend on population size.

Controlled Experiment

an experiment where all variables in an experimental group and a comparison control group are kept the same except for one variable that is changed

Generalist

Organisms that feed on a wide variety of food and have a wider niche

Limiting Factors

Factors that cause population growth to decrease

Primary Succession

no soil, bare rock

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Two species with identical niches can not coexist for prolonged periods of time.

Sexual

Two organisms merge genetics for a genetically mixed product

Qualitative Data

Data collected that is NOT numbers (color/shape patterns, words, etc.)

Independent Variables

Set by the investigator; represented on the x- axis.

Density Independent

Limiting factors that have nothing to do with population size

Independent Variables

Set by the investigator; represented on the x-axis

Niche

A role an organism plays in a community

Pioneer Organisms

An organism that populates a region after a natural disaster, mass extinction, or any other event that kills off most life in the area

Primary Consumers

Organisms that feed on producers.

Example of Commensalism

Frogs use plants as protection and the plants are not helped or harmed

Density-dependent

Limiting factors that depend on population size

Tertiary

Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on both primary and secondary consumers

Abiotic Factors

Non-living factors in an environment

Immigration

The movement of individuals into an area