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What is the Age of Enlightenment?
A philosophical movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.
Who were key figures of the Enlightenment?
Key figures include John Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu.
What is the significance of John Locke's theory of government?
Locke argued that government is based on the consent of the governed and that individuals have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
What was the impact of the French Revolution on Europe?
The French Revolution inspired various movements across Europe for social change and the spread of democratic ideals.
What does the term 'Social Contract' refer to?
The idea that individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to form a government and abide by its rules in exchange for protection of their rights.
What was the primary cause of the Industrial Revolution in Europe?
The Industrial Revolution was largely driven by advancements in technology, agriculture, and a shift from agrarian to industrial economies.
What were the ramifications of the Napoleonic Wars?
The Napoleonic Wars led to widespread changes in European politics, the spread of nationalism, and the eventual redrawing of national boundaries.
What was the significance of the Congress of Vienna?
The Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) aimed to restore stability and order in Europe after the Napoleonic Wars by redrawing national borders and restoring monarchies.
How did the Enlightenment influence revolutions in the 18th and 19th centuries?
Enlightenment ideas inspired revolutions by promoting ideals of liberty, equality, and justice, challenging established authority.
What role did women play in the Enlightenment?
Women participated as salon hostesses, writers, and thinkers, challenging traditional roles and advocating for social and political change.
