5. Religious Pluralism and Theology - Rahner and Barth

Karl Rahner

A Roman Catholic priest and influential theologian (1904-1984) known for his contributions to the Second Vatican Council and the concept of 'anonymous Christianity.'

Second Vatican Council

A significant ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church that addressed relations between the Church and the modern world; known for the document 'Lumen gentium' which discusses inclusivism.

Anonymous Christianity

A concept developed by Karl Rahner suggesting that individuals not aware of the Christian Gospel can still attain salvation through their sincere search for God.

Lumen gentium

A principal document from the Second Vatican Council that articulates the Catholic Church's modern view on inclusivism and salvation.

Justin Martyr’s σπερματικός Λόγος (seed of the word)

The idea proposed by Justin Martyr that ancient philosophers contained seeds of Christian truth, making them, in a way, unwitting Christians.

Visible Church

The part of the Church identified by sacraments and official membership such as baptism and the Mass.

Invisible Church

The aspect of the Church identified by moral living, good deeds, and adherence to God's commandments, regardless of official membership.

Anonymous Christian

An individual who has not heard the Gospel but lives in accordance with Christian values, responding to God's grace.