Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR)

RNR model

Risk-Need-Responsivity model for correctional programming

Evidence-based correctional initiatives

Correctional programs based on scientific research and empirical evidence

Static risk level

An individual's unchanging level of risk for criminal behavior

Dynamic risk factors

Factors that can change over time and influence an individual's likelihood to engage in criminal behavior

Correctional interventions

Programs or treatments aimed at reducing an individual's risk for criminal behavior

Risk-need connection

The relationship between an individual's risk level and their specific needs that contribute to criminal behavior

Risk

The alignment of service intensity with the offender's static risk level.

Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) Framework

A framework that focuses on individual-level factors that contribute to criminal behavior, with certain types of interventions more likely to reduce recidivism.

Static Risk Level

An offender's risk level that remains constant over time and is determined by factors such as prior criminal history.

Criminogenic Demands

Needs that are directly associated with recidivism and should be the primary focus of rehabilitation efforts.

General Responsivity

The use of evidence-based behavioral, social learning, and cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies in rehabilitation efforts.

Specific Responsivity

The tailoring of rehabilitation services to the individual needs and characteristics of each offender, including their strengths, motivations, preferences, personality, age, gender, ethnicity, and cultural identifications.

Human Services-Based Approach

A rehabilitative approach that emphasizes the need for a supportive and personalized approach to rehabilitation, as opposed to a punitive or retributive approach.

Empirical Research

Research that is based on observation, measurement, and experimentation and is used to support evidence-based practices in rehabilitation efforts.