Chapter 15 Acids and Bases

What is the arrhenius definition for an acid

Any molecule that produces H3O+ when dissolved in water

What is the? Arrhenius definition for a base

Any molecule that produce produces OH - when dissolved in water

What is the Bronston Lowery definition for acid?

Molecules that donate H + ions

What is the Bronsted Lowry definition for a base?

Molecules that accept H plus ions

what is a conjugate acid base pair?

When a base accepts an H +, it converts it into an acid

what are conjugate acid based pairs differ by?

They differ by a single H +

What are the strong acids

• HCl

• CHlO4

• HNO3

• H2SO4

• HBr

• HI

How is acid strength related to number of oxygens

the more oxygen the stronger

What does acids stability and ressonance structure in relation

more resonance means more stable

So strong acids have a K of larger or smaller than 1

larger

What is Ka

acid equillibrium constant

What is Kb

base equillibruim constant

What does K increase with

strength

Whay is the pH scale used for

to identify acidity

What is the equation for strong acids

pH= -log [. ]intitial

What do stronger acids want to do

give away H+u

For strong acids what do you do to find the pH

input the M into the equation pH = - log [Ka]

When solving an ice table, what is the x value

the chnage

What do you do to find the pH of a weak acid or base

you create an ice table, solve for x, then take the - log [x]

How do you find the pKb or pKa

pKa/b = - log [Ka/b]

What does a larger Ka mean

a stronger acid

What does a larger pKa mean

a weaker acid

What is always the equation to find pH for an acid

pH = - log [H3O or H+]

What is always the equation to solve for the ph of a base

pH = - log [OH-]