transport in plants

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75 Terms

1
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what is the xylem

transport system that transports water from roots to leaves

2
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what is the xylem made of

dead, empty plant cells joined end by end

3
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what is the phloem

transport system from leaves to around the plant

4
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what is the phloem made of

living plant cells joined end to end

5
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what does the xylem transport

water and mineral ions

6
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what does the phloem transport

amino acid, sucrose and more

7
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what is lignin

hard, strong waterproof substance that forms the walls of xylem vessels

8
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what is a branching shape

structure or growth pattern where stems or roots spread out and form branches

9
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why are branching shapes are important

increase surface area in relation to volume

10
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what do you know about the cells regarding the plant branching shape

most cells are close to the surface

11
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why is lignin strong

to keep the plant uprgith

12
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what is wood entirely made of

lignin

13
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which one does not have nuclei or cytoplasm

xylem

14
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what is another reason why the xylem walls are strong

stop it from collapsing inwards

15
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why does the xylem have a thin area of wall

help movement of water between adjacent xylem vessels

16
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what supports the xylem

lignin

17
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why do the xylem contain lignin

support great weight

18
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why are the cells in a xylem dead

water can flow easily through the tube

19
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why are there no cross walls between dead cells in xylem

makes a continues tube for water to flow all the way through

20
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what is the diameter of the xylem vessel

between 15 to 200 micrometres

21
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<p>what is this </p>

what is this

vascular bundle

22
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how are the xylem and phloem places together in a vascular bundle

grouped or close together

23
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where do you find vascular bundles

roots and stems and leaves

24
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what takes up soil in a plant

the root hairs

25
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what do you find at the tip of a root

protective gap and no root hairs

26
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function of the root cap

protect growth through soil

27
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why do root hairs not live long

get damaged by soil

28
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function of root hair

absorb water and mineral ions

29
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what do the root hair cells

higher surface area

30
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why is a high surface area good from the root hair cells

increase uptake

31
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how does water get into the root hair cell

diffusion

32
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<p>where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant </p>

where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant

stem

33
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<p>where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant </p>

where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant

root

34
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<p>where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant </p>

where can you find this vascular bundle in the plant

leaf

35
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what is the first step of water going through a plant

water enters root hair cell

36
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what is the second step of water going through a plant

water passes across the root from cell to cell

37
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what is the third step of water going through a plant

water is drawn up xylem vessel

38
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<p>what is label 1</p>

what is label 1

epidermis

39
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<p>what is label 2 </p>

what is label 2

cortex

40
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<p>what is label 3</p>

what is label 3

phloem

41
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<p>what is label 4 </p>

what is label 4

xylem

42
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function of the cortex in the root

storage and support

43
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why is the xylem larger in the roots than the stem

stem is for transport, root is to absorb large amounts

44
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<p>what is label 2</p>

what is label 2

cortex

45
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<p>what is label 4 </p>

what is label 4

phloem

46
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<p>what is label 5</p>

what is label 5

xylem

47
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what is the cortex in a root

unspecialised cells lying between epidermis and vascular tissue

48
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how does water move up a xylem

high pressure at the bottom and low pressure at the top

49
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what is transpiration

loss of water vapour from leaves

50
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what opening is on the leaves

stomata

51
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where do you find most of the stomata

lower epidermis

52
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how does water vapour leave the leaves

diffusion

53
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where does water from xylem vessels go?

to mesophyll cells

54
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how does water enter the mesophyll cells

osmosis

55
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how does water leave the mesophyll cells

evaporation

56
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what is the transpiration pull

a force produced by the loss of water vapour from a leaf

57
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why does spongey mesophyll hold an important role in transpiration pull

combined large surface area helps keep water moving through

58
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how does pressure get reduced in vessels

constant movement of water from xylem, mesophyll, and then air spaces

59
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why do we say the xylem is like a straw

pressure higher at the bottom and lower at the top

60
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what does a potometer do

measure transpiration rate

61
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what condition affect transpiration rate

water, temperature, humidity

62
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what can increase the transpiration rate

high temperature, quick winds, dry day

63
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why does high temperature affect transpiration rate

more kinetic energy

64
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why does a windy day affect transpiration rate

increases evaporation rate

65
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how does high humidity affect transpiration rate

decreases speed

66
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what happens to a plant when it has too high of a transpiration rate

it wilts

67
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what is humidity

how much water vapour is present in the air

68
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what is wilting

losing more water than it can take up causing cells to lose turgidity

69
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how does low temperature affect transpiration rate

water evaporates slower

70
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how does low wind speed affect transpiration rate

diffuses out leaf slower

71
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how does low humidity affect transpiration rate

water leaves quicker

72
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what is translocation

movement of sucrose and amino acids in phloem from sources to sinks

73
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what is a source in a plant

part of a plant that releases sucrose or amino acids to be transported to other parts

74
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what is a sink in a plant

part of the plant where sucrose and amino acids are transported to be stored

75
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what happens during winter for plants regarding sources or sinks

leaves becomes sink and roots become source