radioactivity

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12 Terms

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Nuclear radioactivity
The spontaneous emission of particles or energy from an unstable nucleus.
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Alpha decay
A type of radioactive decay involving the emission of an alpha particle from a nucleus.
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Beta decay
A type of radioactive decay where a high-energy electron is emitted.
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Gamma decay
A form of radioactive decay that involves the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation.
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Half-life
The time it takes for a substance to decay to 50% of its original sample.
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Zircon
A mineral that can indicate the time of formation of the planet due to its resistant nature to decay.
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P waves
Primary waves or longitudinal waves that travel through solids, liquids, and gases.
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S waves
Secondary waves that travel through solids and semi-solids but cannot travel through liquids.
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Convection currents
The circulation of molten rock underneath the earth's crust caused by temperature differences.
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Dynamo theory
The theory that a planet will have a strong magnetic field if it has a fast rotation and a liquid core.
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Diverging boundaries
Boundaries formed when tectonic plates are driven apart by convection currents in the Earth.
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Plate tectonics
The theory that explains the movement of the Earth's plates and the interaction at their boundaries.