science lesson 11

sciencey stuff

Thermal energy

Heat energy.

Laws of thermodynamics

Four special laws that deal with energy and all kinds of matter.

Thermodynamics

The study of thermal energy.

Zeroth law

If two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with some third body, then they are also in equilibrium with each other.

First law of thermodynamics

Energy and matter can never be created or destroyed.

Second law of thermodynamics

The universe as a whole is becoming less and less organized.

Entropy

A measure of disorder.

Third law of thermodynamics

The entropy of a system reaches its minimum as the system cools.

Heat source

The hotter of two items.

Heat sink

The cooler of two items.

Radiation

Energy that moves through space.

Radiant heat

Heat that moves through space.

Convection

Heat transfer from liquids.

Sea breeze

Air over the ocean that rushes in to fill the space rising air leaves.

Land breeze

The air that replaces a sea breeze.

Conduction

When a heat source and heat sink are connected through matter.

Combustion

Chemical reaction when something reacts with oxygen.

Fire triangle

Heat, fuel, oxygen.

Fahrenheit

US way to measure heat; 32 degrees Fahrenheit equals 0 degrees Celsius.

Celsius

Measurement used outside of the US; boiling point of water is 100 degrees and freezing point is 0 degrees Celsius.

Kelvin

Form of heat measurement for scientists; water freezes at 273.15 K and boils at 373.15 K.

Thermal expansion

When things expand as they heat up.