science lesson 11

Thermal energy: heat energy

Laws of thermodynamics: four special laws that deal with energy and all kinds of matter

Thermodynamics: the study of thermal energy.

Zeroth law: if two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with some third body, then they are also in equilibrium with each other

First law of thermodynamics: energy and matter can never be created or destroyed.

second law of thermodynamics: the universe as a whole is becoming less and less organised.

Entropy: a measure of disorder.

Third law of thermodynamics: the entropy of a system reaches its minimum the cooler it gets.

Heat source: the hotter of two items.

Heat sink: the cooler of two items

Radiation: energy that moves through space

Radiant heat: heat that moves through space

Convection: heat that transfers from liquids

Sea breeze: air over the ocean that rushes in to fill the space rising air leaves.

Land breeze: the air that replaces a sea  breeze

Conduction: when a heat source and heat sink are connected through matter

Combustion: chemical reaction when something reacts with oxygen

Fire triangle: heat, fuel, oxygen.

Fahrenheit: US way to measure heat. 32 degrees fahrenheit to one degree celsius.

Celsius: was to measure heat outside of the US. The boiling point of water is 100 degrees and the freezing point of water is 0 degrees celsius.

Kelvin: form of measurement for heat that scientists use. Water freezes at 273.15 kelvins and boils at 373.15 Kelvins.

Thermal expansion: when things expand as they heat up.