5.5 treatments of psychological disorders

Active Listening

Fully focusing on the speaker, understanding their message, and responding thoughtfully to build trust and empathy in therapy.

Cognitive Triad

Beck’s theory of depression involving negative views of the self, the world, and the future.

Antianxiety Medications

Drugs used to reduce anxiety symptoms, such as benzodiazepines and SSRIs.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapy combining cognitive and behavioral strategies to change negative thought patterns and behaviors.

Antidepressants

Medications used to treat depression, including SSRIs, SNRIs, and tricyclics.

Deinstitutionalization

The shift from long-term psychiatric hospitals to community-based treatment settings.

Antipsychotic Medications

Drugs that treat psychotic symptoms (e.g., hallucinations, delusions) in disorders like schizophrenia.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

A form of CBT focused on acceptance, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance, often for borderline personality disorder.

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Behavioral therapy using reinforcement to teach and maintain desired behaviors, especially in autism treatment.

Dream Interpretation

A psychoanalytic method to uncover unconscious content through analysis of dreams.

Biofeedback

Technique using real-time data to help individuals control physiological processes like heart rate or muscle tension.

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A treatment for severe depression involving electrical stimulation to induce brief seizures.

Cognitive Restructuring

A cognitive therapy technique for challenging and changing distorted thought patterns.

Fidelity

In therapy, it means being trustworthy and committed; in research, it means sticking to the protocol.

Free Association

Psychoanalytic technique where a person says whatever comes to mind to explore unconscious thoughts.

Group Therapy

Therapy conducted with multiple clients at once, providing mutual support and insight.

Hypnosis

A focused state of consciousness that can enhance suggestibility and access to the unconscious.

Lithium

A mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder and prevent manic or depressive episodes.

Lobotomy

A now-obsolete surgical procedure once used to treat mental illness by cutting brain connections.

Maladaptive Thinking

Distorted thought patterns that interfere with healthy functioning and coping.

Nonmaleficence

The ethical principle of 'do no harm' in healthcare and therapy.

Person-Centered Therapy

Carl Rogers’ therapy emphasizing empathy, unconditional positive regard, and authenticity.

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

Albert Ellis’ therapy focused on changing irrational beliefs to reduce emotional distress.

Systematic Desensitization

A gradual exposure therapy technique paired with relaxation to treat phobias.

Tardive Dyskinesia

A side effect of long-term antipsychotic use involving involuntary facial and body movements.

Therapeutic Alliance

The collaborative and trusting relationship between therapist and client.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A noninvasive brain stimulation technique used to treat depression by targeting brain regions with magnetic pulses.