Living near a school in childhood: limits childbearing in adulthood + increases use of ________.
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Children's
________ schooling: increased costs of children.
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Educated women
gain new opportunities for status attainment, education = increased opportunity costs of childbearing for women, reduce their desire for children
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Wealth flow theory
Caldwell
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Mass education
promotes fertility limitation
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Living near a school in childhood
limits childbearing in adulthood + increases use of contraception
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Contraception, Western family values for small families, weakened historical family values, increased consumption aspirations, increased contraceptive use
5 related mechanisms that link parents’ education to childbearing behaviour
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Quantity-quality trade-off
Limiting quantity of children to increase the educational attainment (quality) of children
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education
Proliferation of schools leads to mass _____
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fertility
Proximity of schools = limits ______
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fertility
Neighbors’ childbearing behavior affects ____
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schools
Presence of _____ changes views of childhood
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government
Proliferation of schools is associated with the spread of _______ services
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schools
________ spread before health or bus services
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earlier
Average time to the nearest school declined _______ than the average time to the nearest health/bus service
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contraception
Living near a health post or a bus service: increases the use of _____
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education
Husband’s measures of _____ have a positive influence on permanent contraceptive use
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contraceptive
When husbands have more education, there is more _______ use
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childbearing
Women who live in neighborhoods with a high degree of social change are more likely to limit their _____
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educational
Women can limit their childbearing because of nearby _____ opportunities
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school
Women who send their children to _____ have more chances of adopting a permanent contraceptive method
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limitation
Sending children to school leads to fertility ______
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Structural/demand theories
theories about the parents' schooling as a factor in limiting fertility
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Ideational theories
theories that has 5 mechanisms linking parents' education to childbearing behavior
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influence, independence
People have new expenses, there is less _______ from parents → children = less value to parents, and increased children _____
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