Axinn and Barber 2001

contraception

contraception

Living near a school in childhood: limits childbearing in adulthood + increases use of ________.

Children's

________ schooling: increased costs of children.

Educated women

gain new opportunities for status attainment, education = increased opportunity costs of childbearing for women, reduce their desire for children

Wealth flow theory

Caldwell

Mass education

promotes fertility limitation

Living near a school in childhood

limits childbearing in adulthood + increases use of contraception

Contraception, Western family values for small families, weakened historical family values, increased consumption aspirations, increased contraceptive use

5 related mechanisms that link parents’ education to childbearing behaviour

Quantity-quality trade-off

Limiting quantity of children to increase the educational attainment (quality) of children

education

Proliferation of schools leads to mass _____

fertility

Proximity of schools = limits ______

fertility

Neighbors’ childbearing behavior affects ____

schools

Presence of _____ changes views of childhood

government

Proliferation of schools is associated with the spread of _______ services

schools

________ spread before health or bus services

earlier

Average time to the nearest school declined _______ than the average time to the nearest health/bus service

contraception

Living near a health post or a bus service: increases the use of _____

education

Husband’s measures of _____ have a positive influence on permanent contraceptive use

contraceptive

When husbands have more education, there is more _______ use

childbearing

Women who live in neighborhoods with a high degree of social change are more likely to limit their _____

educational

Women can limit their childbearing because of nearby _____ opportunities

school

Women who send their children to _____ have more chances of adopting a permanent contraceptive method

limitation

Sending children to school leads to fertility ______

Structural/demand theories

theories about the parents' schooling as a factor in limiting fertility

Ideational theories

theories that has 5 mechanisms linking parents' education to childbearing behavior

influence, independence

People have new expenses, there is less _______ from parents → children = less value to parents, and increased children _____