Biology Midterm

Triglyceride

________- is a fat made of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains.

Cellular Respiration

________- this is how cells break down the glucose made in.

ATP

________- is the energy molecule that is made in respiration.

 Nonnative

________ or invasive species- these are organisms which are from another.

plasma membrane

 The ________ controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Lipids

________- these are fats, waxes and oils.

Hemoglobin

________- a protein in a blood cell that helps carry oxygen in the blood.

Enzymes

________ lower the amount of reaction energy needed.

 Enzymes

________ can also be called Catalysts.

 Reactants

________ (ingredients)= water, carbon dioxide, and light (remember plants are opposite of us, we breath in oxygen they breath in CO2)

Insulin

________- a protein in the body which helps maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Homeostasis

________-"staying the same- "maintaining a constant environment in your body.

Osmosis

________- the movement of water from an area of high to low concentration across a membrane.

 Stewardship

________ and Sustainable practices: when humans work to protect their.

Symbiosis

 All living things are in a relationship and when it is a close relationship it is called ________.

Diffusion

________ is a type of passive transport and move materials from a high to.

Rachel Carson

________ discovered the connection between the DDT and the eagles.

Solutes

________- anything that is not water like salt or sugar.

Nucleotides

________ are made of a phosphate, sugar, and base.

 Habitat Destruction

________- destroying the home of an organism.

Commensalism

________-  one organism benefits and the other doesnt care (not.

carbon dioxide

Products (what you get)= water, ________ and energy (ATP)

Capacity

Carrying ________ makes the Predator /Prey curve- Predator and prey population growth are opposite of each other.

Scavenger

________- eats animals that something else has killed ex.

 Bioaccumulation

________ or Biomagnification- when poisons build up in the food chain.

Pigment

________ called chlorophyll which keeps the plant green and captures light energy.

Predator Prey

________ and Competition* Competition limits the growth of a population.

Vacuole

________- this is only in plants.

air pollution

It is caused by ________ like burning fossil.

Producer

________ or Autotroph- an organism that makes its own food like a plant.

Passive transport

 ________ does not require any energy.

Chloroplast

________- this is only in plants.

Anaerobic

________- does not use oxygen " (An "means not)

main types of cells

There are two ________ Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

Aerobic

________- respiration that uses oxygen.

 Biodiversity

________- having many types of living things.

Omnivore

________- eats both plants and meat ex.

 Habitat

________- where an organism lives.

Polysaccharides

________- many sugars- examples Cellulose which is in cell walls and starch which is used for plant energy storage.

Deathrate

________- the number of people that die each year.

Carbohydrates

________- these are sugars used for quick energy.

Ribosomes

________- these make the proteins in the cell.

Monosaccharides

________-- one sugar- examples Glucose which is made in photosynthesis and fructose which is in honey and fruit.

Parasitism

________-   One organism benefits while the other one is harmed Example- a tic on a dog.

Proteins

________- these help restore tissues.

Herbivore

________- eats only plants ex.

Mitochondria

________-"powerhouse "of the cell.

Stable Growth

________- not many children and lots of older people.

Macromolecule

 A(n) ________ is a large molecule.

Substrates

________ are whatever chemical the.

 Abiotic

a non living thing

 Biotic

a living thing ex

 In order to be alive you must

Grow, adapt, develop, use energy (metabolism), reproduce, have cells, react, and maintain homeostasis

 Food chains

show the flow of energy in the ecosystem

Producer or Autotroph

an organism that makes its own food like a plant

Consumer or Heterotroph

an organism that has to eat

Herbivore

eats only plants ex

Primary Consumer

1st thing to eat (a herbivore)

Secondary Consumer

the 2nd thing to eat (a carnivore or omnivore)

Carnivore

eats only meat ex

Omnivore

eats both plants and meat ex

Scavenger

eats animals that something else has killed ex

Decomposer

breaks down dead material

 Niche

the job or role an organism has in its ecosystem or how it makes a living Ex

 Habitat

where an organism lives

Environmental problems

Humans are responsible for almost all modern day environmental issues

 Habitat Destruction

destroying the home of an organism

 Biodiversity

having many types of living things

 Bioaccumulation or Biomagnification

when poisons build up in the food chain

 Acid Rain

this is rain that has a pH of less than 7

 Ozone Layer

Ozone is a layer of gases which filters out the harmful UV

 Nonnative or invasive species

these are organisms which are from another

 Stewardship and Sustainable practices

when humans work to protect their

Commensalism

 one organism benefits and the other doesnt care (not

hurt or helped) Example

a cow walking in a field stirs up insects for the cow bird to eat

Carbon Cycle

Carbon is an element that is in all living things on earth

 Three ways Carbon Dioxide gets into the atmosphere

respiration, burning fossil fuels, and open burning

 The main way Carbon is removed from the atmosphere is

Photosynthesis

Carrying Capacity

the number of organisms an ecosystem can support

 Birthrate

the number of people born each year

Deathrate

the number of people that die each year

There are two main age structure graphs

rapid and stable growth

Rapid growth

has lots of kids and not very many old people

Stable Growth

not many children and lots of older people

Carbohydrates

these are sugars used for quick energy

Disaccharides

2 sugars or 2 monosaccharides connected

Lipids

these are fats, waxes and oils

Triglyceride

is a fat made of a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains

Proteins

these help restore tissues

Hemoglobin

a protein in a blood cell that helps carry oxygen in the blood

Insulin

a protein in the body which helps maintain proper blood sugar levels

Nucleic Acids

These are the molecules which hold our genetic information

Glucose

benedicts-a positive test will turn orange

Nucleus

"the brain of the cell" Controls all cell functions

Cell/plasma membrane

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Ribosomes

these make the proteins in the cell

Mitochondria

"powerhouse" of the cell

Cell wall

this is only in plants

Chloroplast

this is only in plants

Vacuole

this is only in plants