Chapter 8 Allied Health

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Irregular bleeding in the absence of pregnancy

Adenomyosis

Growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

Bartholin cyst

Blockage of one of the glands on either side of the vagina

Breast Cancer

Malignant tumor of the breast

Cervical cancer

Malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma

Endomertrial cancer (Uterine cancer)

Malignant tumor of the endometrium

Fibrocystic breast changes (fibrocystic breast/ fibrocystic breast disease) (FCC)

Thickening of tissue, benign cysts, and pain or tenderness in one or both breast (monthly hormonal changes)

ovarian cancer

malignant tumor of the ovary

pelvic inflammatory disease

inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs; can be caused by many different pathogens.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

condition characterized by hormonal imbalances

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Condition involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring up to 10 days before menstruation.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, and vomiting. Caused by tampons

Uterine fibroid (myoma of the uterus/ leiomyoma)

benign tumor of the uterine muscle

Uterovaginal prolapse

dropping of uterus

Vaginal fistula

abnormal passageway between the vagina and another organ

Radical mastectomy

removal of breast tissue, nipple, lymph nodes, and underlying chest wall muscle

Modified radical mastectomy

removal of breast tissue, nipple, and lymph nodes

Simple mastectomy (total mastectomy)

Removal of breast tissue, nipple, and skin

Lumpectomy

Removal of the cancerous lesion along with a margin of surrounding healthy breast tissue.

Segmental mastectomy

Removal of a quadrant of breast tissue

Skin-sparing mastectomy

Removal of the breast tissue, nipple, and areola, leaving most of the skin over the breast intact

Nipple- sparing mastectomy

Removal of breast tissue only, leaving overlaying skin, nipple-, and areola

Anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)

Surgical repair of a weakend vaginal wall to correct a cystocele and rectocele

Conization

Surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer

dilation and curettage (D&C)

Surgical procedure to widen the cervix and remove contents from the uterus using curette, an instrument for scraping or suctioning

endometrial ablation

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser

Myomectomy

Excision of a uterine fibroid

Tubal ligation

surgical closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization

Uterine artery embolization (UAE)

placement of metal coils or small gelatin beads into uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids

hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

Radiographic image of the uterus and fallopian tubes

Sentinel lymph node biopsy

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph nodes

stereotactic breast biopsy

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

Transvaginal sonography (TVS)

ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries

CA-125 test

Blood test primarily used to monitor treatment for ovarian cancer and to detect recurrence once treatment is complete

HPV test

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect high-risk forms of the (HPV)

Pap test

Cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect abnormal and cancerous cells

Leukorrhea

white discharge

mastalgia

pain in the breast

oligomenorrhea

scanty menstrual flow

gynecologist

physician who studies and treats diseases of women

endocervical

pertaining to within the cervix

vesicovaginal

pertaining to the bladder and the vagina

anovulation

failure of the ovary to release an egg

dyspareunia

difficult or painful intercourse

fistula

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ

speculum

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow for visual inspection

menopause

cesssation of menstruation