HASS TERM 3 HISTORY ANCIENT ROME NOTES

Aqueduct

A man-made channel designed to move water from one location to another using gravity.

Hypocaust

underfloor heating system where a furnace heated the air in a hollow space under the floor, warming the room above.

Patricians

Members of the original aristocratic families in Ancient Rome.

Plebians

Common citizens of Ancient Rome.

Slaves

Property, a 'talking tool' with no legal rights or personhood, subject to their master's absolute control.

Legionaries

Roman infantrymen who were highly trained and belonged to a legion (a group of 5-6 thousand men).

Centurions

An exemplary soldier who was promoted to commander in charge of 80-100 men.

Auxiliaries

Extra soldiers provided by countries Rome had conquered to assist Rome's professional army.

Decimation

Removal of a 10th - when 1/10 men were killed as punishment for mutiny.

Republic

A system of government which does not have a monarchy, instead has a parliament the second era of Rome was a republic.

Social hierarchy

When society is organised into divided groups, usually by power or wealth e.g. Patrician, plebian and slave

Testudo

A defensive tactic used by the roman army used in siege warfare in which shields were packed tightly to form a wall like a tortoise shell.

 

 

The twelve tables

bronze tablets that had Roman Laws carved on them to ensure fairness.

Citizen Assembly

A council of Roman citizens who were able to vote on new laws e.g., taxed. Generally held in public places.

Freedman

A group of people who were frees from slavery but were still not roman citizens.

Consul

A high ranking Roman official (usually a wealthy male patricians). There were 2 consuls, 1 always stayed in Rome.