EQ2: What are the consequences for people and the environment of our increasing demand for energy?

What is a key goal for countries in terms of energy security?

To ensure a reliable energy supply, mostly relying on fossil fuels.

How does consumption of energy vary between countries?

It varies in per capita use and in terms of units of GDP.

What factors affect access to and consumption of energy resources?

Physical availability, cost, technology, public perception, economic development, and environmental priorities.

How do energy players like governments and TNCs influence energy security?

They play different roles in securing pathways and energy supplies.

Why is there a mismatch between fossil fuel supply and demand regions?

It results from physical geography of the locations of conventional fossil fuel supplies.

What are energy pathways and why are they important?

Pipelines, transmission lines, shipping routes, and roads are key for energy security, but can be prone to disruption.

What are the social costs and benefits of unconventional fossil fuel resources?

They have implications for the carbon cycle and affect the resilience of fragile environments.

How can renewable and recyclable energy help with fossil fuel decoupling?

By providing alternative energy sources that support economic growth without reliance on fossil fuels.

What are some considerations about different energy sources?

They each have distinct economic, social, and environmental costs and benefits.

Why is the use of biofuels increasing globally?

Due to their potential as an alternative energy source, despite implications for food supply and carbon neutrality.

What role do radical technologies play in carbon emissions reduction?

Technologies like carbon capture and storage could reduce emissions, but their effectiveness is uncertain.