Skin Eruptions and Skin Layers

Flashcards about skin eruptions, the layers of the epidermis and dermis.

What are macules?

Flat spots on the skin, such as freckles.

What are papules?

Firm, raised areas on the skin that do not contain pus.

What are bullae?

Large, fluid-filled spots on the skin, larger than 10 cm.

What are vesicles?

Blisters or fluid-filled sacs on the skin, less than 1 cm in size.

What are pustules?

Pus-filled sacs on the skin, such as acne.

What are crusts?

Dried pus and blood on the skin, commonly known as scabs.

What are wheals?

Itchy, elevated areas on the skin, such as hives and insect bites.

What is a cyst?

A condition characterized by pus or fatty tissue coming out of the skin.

What is an ulcer?

A skin condition commonly found in diabetic or elderly individuals, typically on the legs.

What are warts?

Holes on the hands and feet.

What is acne vulgaris?

Inflammation of the sebaceous glands.

What are the causes of acne vulgaris?

Hormonal changes and increased secretion of sebum.

What are the symptoms of acne vulgaris?

Papules and pustules (white/red heads on skin = inflamed).

What is the epidermis?

The outermost layer of the skin that provides protection.

What is keratin?

A protein that helps cells be water-resistant and tough.

What are cornified cells?

Tough, flat, dead cells.

What is the Basale layer?

Skin layer where mitosis occurs.

What is a callus?

A hard, thick, extra layer of skin.

What is a melanocyte?

A protein that makes melanin and protects the skin.

What are Merkel cells?

Helps with the sense of touch.

What are the two protein fibers found in the dermis?

Collagen and elastin

What are the two layers inside of the dermis?

Papillary layer and reticular layer

Why doesn't epidermis scar but dermis does?

Epidermis is constantly replacing cells and has protective layers but dermis has blood vessels

What is Keloid?

Success of producing collagen

What is the hypodermis (subcutaneous)?

Connects skin to bone and muscle tissue, and stores body fat.

What is the function of sweat glands?

Cooling the body.

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

Produce oil and keep hair and skin waterproof.

What cells are in the Corneum (outer) layer?

Cornified cells (dead cells)

What is the Lucidum layer?

Just for thick skin areas like feet and palms

What is the Granulosum(Third) layer?

Has a variety of functions and eventually loses granules and becomes cornified cells above.

What is the Spinosum(fourth) layer?

Many layers with a spiny appearance.

What are Dendritic langerhans cells?

Cell that consumes bacterial cells

What is the Basale(fifth) layer?

Mitosis