federalist 10

What is the most dangerous thing to a united America?

The violence of factions.

What has the violence of factions done to past governments?

They were either overthrown or collapsed.

How effective does Madison think the new American Constitution will be?

He believes it will be very effective.

Is the current government (Articles of Confederation) protecting minority rights?

No.

What is a faction?

A group of people united by a common passion or interest that disregards the rights of others.

What are the two ways to control factions?

1. Remove the causes. 2) Control the effects.

What are the two methods to remove the causes of factions?

1. Destroy liberty. 2) Give everyone the same opinions and interests.

Why is destroying liberty a negative solution to controlling factions?

Liberty is essential for political life, just like air is essential for life.

What causes people to have passions or interests?

Human reason is fallible, and decisions are often based on emotions.

What is the purpose of government, according to Madison?

To protect property and individual rights.

What is the most common source of factions?

The unequal distribution of property.

What conclusion does Madison reach about factions?

We must control the effects of factions, as their causes cannot be removed.

Why don’t people have to worry about minority factions?

Minority factions lack the power to have a significant impact.

Why do people need to worry about majority factions?

Majority factions can oppress smaller groups and disregard the public good.

What form of government does Madison describe as problematic?

Pure democracy.

What will the majority do in a pure democracy?

The majority will oppress the minority.

Has pure democracy been successful, according to Madison?

No.

What two forms of government does Madison compare and contrast?

A republic and a democracy.

What are two positive aspects of a republic?

1. A republic can be larger. 2) A better selection of representatives.

Why are elected representatives better than direct democracy?

They refine the public’s raw emotions and act based on reason.

Who has a better idea of what the public wants, according to Madison?

Representatives of the people.

Can there be as many representatives as citizens?

No.

Which type of republic has a greater chance of better representatives, small or large?

A large republic.

What does "extend the sphere" mean?

To make the country larger.

Why is extending the sphere beneficial?

It creates more diversity in opinions and interests, reducing factional dominance.

Does Madison want a strong central government or to keep the confederacy?

He wants a strong central government.