biochem module 6

energy storage, information storage, transmission, coenzymes, and communication

Function of nucleotides and nucleic acids

Coenzyme

an organic, but non-protein, portion of an enzyme that aids the catalytic function

Messenger RNA

a single strand that carries the genetic information stored in the nucleus as DNA to the ribosomes

Degraded

Once the mRNA is used to make a protein, it is _____.

Transfer RNA

molecules that transport amino acids to the growing polypeptide chains

mRNA

The tRNA carries the amino acid to the ribosome where it pairs with ______

Anticodon

the specific sequence of three nucleotides complementary to a codon for an amino acid on the mRNA

Ribosomal RNA

the RNA complexed with a set of proteins to form ribosomes

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

Primary structure

The _____ forms from the covalent bonding of nucleotide monomers to make the backbone

Deoxyribose and phosphate group

In DNA, the backbone consist of?

Oligonucleotide

A chain of 50 or fewer nucleotides

Extra Methyl group

What is the difference between thymine and uracil?

Adenine

The only base that does not contain carbonyl group

Two

How many hydrogen bonds form between A and T?

Three

How many hydrogen bonds form between G and C?

Ribonucleic acid

Enables the production of proteins from genetic information

Codon

The set of three sequential nucleotides that encodes for a particular amino acid

Z form

The type of DNA that has a left handed helix

Purines

Adenosine and guanine are what type of base?

Pyrimidines

Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are what type of base

DNA

stores genetic information

RNA

molecules that permit the synthesis of protein