U.I.L. Regionals Review - Social Studies

Concert for Bangladesh

1971; Charity event organised by George Harrison

Muhammad

Arab prophet; founder of Islam

Rohingya

Stateless Indo-Aryan-speaking people from Rakhine State in Myanmar

States Reorganisation Act

1956; Reformed the boundaries of Indian states based on language

Mother Teresa

1910-1997; Roman Catholic nun, founder of Missionaries of Charity

Indian Rebellion of ____

1857; religiously-fuelled Indian rebellion against the East India Company

Operation Polo

1948; code name for the Indian annexation of Hyderabad, dubbed “police action”

Gawkadal Massacre

1990; Central Reserve Police Force open fire on Kashmiri protestors

Union Territory

Type of administrative division in India

Demolition of the Babri Masjid

1992; Hindu mob destroys an Islamic mosque with no action taken by Indian authorities

Divide and Rule

Roman/British strategy of pitting subjects against one another

Lucknow

Capital of Uttar Pradesh

Khilafat Movement

1919-1922; Protected the successor of Muhammad, led by the Ali brothers

Karakoram Highway

1300km highway that stretches from Punjab to China

Jawaharlal Nehru

1947-1964; First prime minister of India, succeeded Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress

Vallabhbhai Patel

First deputy prime minister of India

Sentinelese People

Tribe of hunter-gatherers native to the Andaman Islands

Indo-Pakistani War of ____

1965; Armed conflict between Pakistan and India

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Chain of islands located in the Bay of Bengal

Jamuna River

Starts in the Brahmaputra, flows south through Bangladesh, ends in the Padma River

Constitution of India

1950; Declares that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic

William Jones

Functionalist; Influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution

Muhajirs

Muslim refugees fleeing India

Gangkhar Puensum

Tallest mountain located in Bhutan

Indian Civil Service

Elite class of officials, administered the government of the British Raj

Sri Lankan Civil War

Resulted from ethnic tensions between the majority Sinhalese and the Tamil minority

Sheikh Hasina Wajed

2009-; Prime minister of Bangladesh, world'‘s longest-serving female head of state

Vedas

Sacred texts of Hinduism

Tamil People

Natives to Southern India

Taj Mahal

1649; Built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favorite wife

Chennai

Previously known as Madras; Large port city located in the Bay of Bengal

Sundarbans National Park

Large coastal mangrove forest, shared by India and Bangladesh

Quit India Movement

1942; Mass civil disobedience campaign to end British control of India

Dzongs

Buddhist centers of prayer and study

Zoroastrianism

One of the earliest monotheistic religions, founded in Ancient Persia

Kalpana Chawla

First woman of Indian heritage to go to space

Jati

A sub-varna in the caste system, gave people a sense of community

Awami League

Political party that advocated for the independence of East Pakistan (Bangladesh) from West Pakistan

Cyril Radcliffe

British judge responsible for the border between India and Pakistan

Siliguri Corridor

Nicknamed the “chicken’s neck”, it connects seven states of Northeast India to the rest of the country

Rasipuram Krishnaswami Narayan

Author of “The Guide” which was adapted for film and Broadway

Narendra Modi

Current prime minister of India

Colombo

Capital of Sri Lanka

Jammu and Kashmir

Northernmost Indian state, composed of Hindus and Muslims

Ayub Khan

1958-1974; Second president of Pakistan, seized power through military coup

Indus River

Large river spanning India and Pakistan, early cradle of civilization

Liaquat Ali Khan

1947-1951; First prime minister of Pakistan, assassinated

Shimla

Town in Northern India. Popular destination for British officials during the hotter seasons

Bengal Famine

1943; Major famine in the Bengal province during the British Raj

Sikkim

Former kingdom located in Northeast India between Nepal and Bhutan

Dhaka

Capital of Bangladesh

Poona Pact

Agreement between B.R. Ambedkar and Gandhi on behalf of the dalit caste

Partition of Bengal

1905; Decision by the colonial government to partition the eastern Indian province of Bengal from the rest of India

Abdul Qadeer Khan

Father of Pakistan’s nuclear weapons program

Gurkha

Elite soldiers from Nepal who fought for the British Empire

Adi Granth

Scripture of the Sikhs

Indian National Congress

1885; Founded by educated Indians, fought for Indian self-governance

Third India-Pakistan War

1971; Short military conflict between India and Pakistan, led to the formation of Bangladesh

Operation Fair Play

1977; Code name for the military coup that overthrew Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

Sanskrit

Ancient language of India

Nehru Report of ____

1928; Memorandum to appeal for new dominion status

Muhammad Fareed Didi

1953-1954; First president of the Maldives

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

Leader of the Indian independence movement during the British Raj

Western Ghats

Rolling mountains located to the west of the Deccan Plateau in Southern India

Velupillai Prabhakaran

Leader of the Tamil Tigers

Chauri Chaura Incident

1922; Village where people part of satyagraha burned and hacked to death 23 policemen

Sinhalese People

Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to the island of Sri Lanka

Subhas Chandra Bose

Formed the Indian National Army, leader of a faction within the Indian National Congress who employed violent methods

Peshawar

City in Pakistan

Rawalpindi

1959-1967, Interim capital of Pakistan

Malé

Capital of Maldives

Nepalese Civil War

1996-2006; Protracted armed conflict between the royal government and communists

Upanishads

Major book in Hinduism, in the form of dialogues

Telugu People

Ethnolinguistic group native to Andhra Pradesh, most populous Dravidian group

Non-Aligned Movement

Led by India and Yugoslavia as an alternative to Soviet and American influence

Day of Direct Action

1946; Day of nationwide communal riots led by the All-India Muslim League

Hussain Muhammad Ershad

1982-1990; Bangladeshi military officer, seized control of country by a military coup

Princely States

Domains of Indian princes allied to the British Raj

Gorkhaland Movement

Campaign to create a separate state of India in West Bengal for Nepali-speaking Indians

Abdul Kalam

Eleventh president of India; renowned aerospace engineer

Hindu Kush

Mountain range along the northern border of India

Himalayas

High mountain range that extends through northern India, southern Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan

Rana Dynasty

1846-1951; Chhetri dynasty that imposed totalitarianism on Nepal

B.R. Ambedkar

Leader of the Dalits

Naxalite Insurgency

Ongoing conflict between communists and the Indian government

Operation Searchlight

Pakistani attempt to prevent the independence of Bangladesh

Khadi

Indian homespun cotton cloth

Kot Massacre

1846; Kunwar and his brothers kill several military officers and palace guards

Jigme Dorji Wangchuck

Third Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan, modernized the nation

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

1928-1979; Pakistani politician who re-established civilian rule

Indo-Pakistani War of ____-____

1947-1948; War fought between India and Pakistan over Jammu and Kashmir

Bollywood

Indian version of Hollywood, centered around Mumbai

Kathmandu

Capital of Nepal

Asif Ali Zardari

2008-2013; Eleventh president of Pakistan

Civil Disobedience

Refusal to comply with certain laws, a form of peaceful protest

House of Wangchuck

1907-; Held the position of Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan

____ Dhaka garment factory fire

2012; Deadliest factory fire in Bangladeshi history

Sufism

Islamic mystical tradition that desired personal union with God

Monsoons

Seasonal wind pattern that causes wet and dry seasons

Mumbai Attacks

2008; Series of terrorist attacks perpetrated by Lashkar-e-Taiba