Chapter 8: Gases

Vocabulary flashcards for Chapter 8 on gases covering key concepts, properties, and laws associated with gases.

Properties of Gases

Characteristics of gases, including their behavior and interactions.

Gas Pressure

The force exerted by gas particles when they collide with the walls of a container.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Theory describing an ideal gas as consisting of small particles in constant, random motion with negligible volume and no significant forces between them.

Boyle’s Law

At constant temperature, the volume of a gas decreases as pressure increases (PV = k).

Charles’ Law

At constant pressure, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in temperature (V/T = k).

Gay-Lussac’s Law

At constant volume, the pressure of a gas increases with an increase in temperature (P/T = k).

Combined Gas Law

Combines Boyle’s, Charles’, and Gay-Lussac's Laws, relating pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas when the amount is constant.

Avogadro’s Law

At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas present.

Dalton’s Law

States that the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Conditions of 0°C and 1 atm under which 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 L.