APUSH Unit 4 (vocab)

Marbury v. Madison

Landmark 1803 Supreme Court case establishing judicial review, allowing the Court to declare laws unconstitutional.

Louisiana Purchase

1803 acquisition of the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of the United States and opening western lands for settlement.

War of 1812

Conflict between the US and Britain from 1812 to 1815 over maritime rights and Native American support, boosting American nationalism.

Missouri Compromise

1820 agreement admitting Missouri as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and setting a slavery line in the Louisiana Territory.

Trail of Tears

Forced relocation of Native American tribes to Indian Territory in the 1830s, causing numerous deaths.

Election of 1840

Presidential election where William Henry Harrison won through populist appeal and slogans, defeating Martin Van Buren.

Eli Whitney

Inventor of the cotton gin, transforming cotton production and increasing the need for enslaved labor.

Second Great Awakening

19th-century religious revival focusing on individual salvation, personal conversion, and social reform.

Dorothea Dix

Reformer advocating for better treatment of the mentally ill and the establishment of mental hospitals in the US.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B

Leaders of the 19th-century women's suffrage movement, fighting for women's rights, including voting.

Know-Nothing Party

19th-century nativist political party opposing immigration and Catholic influence in American politics.

Cotton Gin

Eli Whitney's 1793 invention revolutionizing cotton production, leading to increased slavery in the South.

Erie Canal

1825 canal connecting the Great Lakes to the Hudson River, enhancing trade between the Midwest and East Coast.

American Temperance Society

Founded in 1826, promoting moderation or abstinence from alcohol, sparking the temperance movement.

Women's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls

1848 meeting where the Declaration of Sentiments was issued, demanding women's suffrage and equal rights.