History - Chapter 15

Satellite states

countries controlled by the soviet union after WWII

examples being; Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria

Iron Curtain

Term used to describe the border between soviet satellite states and western Europe c

Containment

containing communism or keeping it from spreading

The Truman Doctrine

Stated that the US would give economic aid to any country fighting communism

Marshall Plan

Plan to give financial aid to help European countries recovery from WWII, 13 billion dollars

germany divison

West Germany and Berlin: Democratic

East Germany and East Berlin: Communist

Berlin Airlift

Western Allies dropping off food and supplies to the people of West Berlin

NATO

North Atlantic treaty Organization

Members would defend each other against any soviet aggression or expansion

Warsaw pact

Composed of Eastern European countries dominated by the soviet Union to counter NATO

Nationalist leader of China

chiang kai- shek

communist leader in china

Moa Zedong

The splitting of north Korea and Political status

US controlled the south, Making it democratic

USSR controlled the north making it Communist

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Korea was divided at the 38th parallel of latitude

Why did the US get involved in the Korean war

The policy of appeasement failed to work against Germany and we were backing up our policy of containment

Who was the US General that led the UN forces

Douglas MacArthur

Why did the Korean war end

Joseph Stalin died and Eisenhower threatened to use Atomic weapons

Arms Race

Competition between two or more countries for a more powerful military

Atomic Energy Commission

Commission responsible for developing the hydrogen bomb

Nikita Khruschev

Became soviet premiere after Joseph Stalin died

Massive Retaliation

The threat of using nuclear weapons to stop communist aggression

Brinkmanship

Policy of being willing to go the very brink of nuclear war to oppose communist expansion

Aswan High dam

project on the Nile river, US offered to help fund

CIA

Central intelligence agency, created by the national security act in 1947 and carried out convert operation

operation Ajax

Took place in Iran and in 1953, the first ajox covert operation of the CIA

Red Scare

The fear of communism in america. The spread of communism into Eastern Europe and Asia

Federal Employee loyalty program

Permitted the FBI to screen federal employees for sign of disloyalty

Smith act

Made it unlawful to teacher or advocate the overthrow of our government

HUAC

Created to look into disloyalty and harmful foreign influence in the US

Hollywoof ten

a group of left-wing writers, directors, and producers

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Convicted of passing atomic secrets to the soviet union

Executed via the electric chair

Joseph McCarthy

Wisconsin Senator who claimed that members of congress were communist

McCarthyism

Catchword for extreme reckless charges

Army- McCarthy Hearings

Televised hearings that proved that Joseph McCarthy’s claims were false and without proof

Demobilization

Sending home members of the army

GI bill of rights

Also known as the servicemen’s readjustment act

Legislature that grants veterans benefits such as low cost business and mortgage loans. financial aid for college, a year of unemployment payments

The baby boom

Large increase in the nu of babies born between 1945-1964

Taft-Hartley act

\-Made closed shop illegal

\-Required union leaders to swear they were not communists

\-Harry Truman vetoed the act

Strom Thurmond

Dixiecrat or democrat- a political party that backed racial segregation and limited AFAM voting rights

Winner of the 1984 election

Harry S Truman

* Won by vetoing the Taft Hartley act
* He won AFAM votes by supporting the bill of rights

Fair deal Program

A program intended to provide full employment, a higher minimum wage, and a national health insurance plan

Sunbelt States

States located in the south and southwest

Why did people want to move to the sunbelt states

* It had a warm and sunny climate
* A booming industrial economy
* Also, Developed air condition

Automation

The use of machines in production

Why did the economy boom in the 1950’s

* The US mainland was unaffected by WW2
* Cold war spending created jobs

First commercial jetliner

Boeing 707

developer of the Polio Vaccine

Dr. Jonas Salk

The interstate Highway act

A new national system of multi lane expressways to connect the nation’s major cities

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2 ways the Interstate highway act influenced change

* boosted travel and vacation industries
* Made it easier for middle class Americans to move to the suburbs and commute to work

nuclear family

the ideal or typical household of the 1950’s with a father, mother and their children

beatniks

A small group of writers/ artists that refused to conform to mainstream American society

James dean

A 1950’s Actor who starred in “Rebel without a cause”

Jackson pollock

Artist who invented, “Action Painting”

Where did music originate?

\-Gosbel and blues traditions of AFAM people

Albert Alan Freed

Disc Jockey from Cleveland, OH, Credited with being the 1st to play rock music

What were the 2 styles of music Elvis Presley combined

Country and Rhythm and Blue