APUSH terms 5 (immigration, urban reform, social movements)

Second Wave Immigration

Late 1800s immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe; worked in factories; faced discrimination and nativism.

Immigration Restrictions (mid-late 1800s)

Chinese Exclusion Act, literacy tests, and quotas limited immigration.

Nativism

Anti-immigrant sentiment favoring native-born Americans over immigrants.

Settlement Houses

Community centers for immigrants; provided education, childcare, and job assistance.

Hull House & Jane Addams

Famous Chicago settlement house; helped poor urban families; advocated for social reform.

Women’s Suffrage and Famous Suffragettes

Movement for women’s right to vote; leaders included Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and later Carrie Chapman Catt.

Social Darwinism

Applied "survival of the fittest" to society; justified economic inequality and limited government intervention.

Frederick Jackson Turner & Frontier Thesis

Argued the frontier shaped American democracy and character; frontier considered "closed" by 1890.