History - Why did democracy fail in the inter-war period?

Democracy

a system of government by the whole population or elected representative

Socialism

political ideology based in shared ownership and equality

Wall Street Crash

economic disaster which prompted a world wide depression

Fascism

authoritarian and dictational form of government associated with the right wing

Nationalism

political ideology based on love and loyalty for your country and all its actions

Treaty of Versailles

peace treaty signed after WW1 to resolve how Germany would be treated

Proportional representation

form of voting in which seats are assigned based on the proportion of votes won

How many republics were there in Europe before 1914?

3 republics

Which 3 countries were ruled by autocratic emperors and kings?

Russia, germany, and Austria-Hungary

How did proportional representation cause problems?

it gave a voice to marginal parties and demonstrated the deep political divides that had developed

Bothe Germany and Italy were unable to do what?

to form majority governments and so the government changed frequently.

What gave nationalist groups the tools to establish a dictatorship?

Provisions to support governments in times of crisis (like Article 48 in Germany)

What did Nationalist parties do to increase support?

Nationalist parties also proposed big solutions to the economic crisis

What made the actions of Nationalist parties look even more necessary?

Unemployment and poverty drove many towards communism making the actions of the Nationalists who opposed Communism look even more necessary

How did the Wall Street Crash in 1929 affect countries?

It sent the world into a depression and America recalled the money which they had lent to Germany

What happened in 1917 that created fear in Europe?

The Russian revolution

Why was 1919-1920 referred to as Biennio Rosso in Italy?

There waves of strikes and peasant revolts in these 2 years

When did the KPD get votes and how long was Bavaria taken over for and who by?

The KPD (German communist party) gained votes through the 1920's and 30's and Bavaria was taken over for 2 months by the Socialist revolt

Which parties had armed forces that were seen to be tackling a serious threat?

The Nazi Party and the Fascist party had armed sections (the SA in Germany and the Squadrismo in Italy) who attacked communist groups and were seen to be tackling what was seen as a serious threat.​

Which parties gained support from Europe and incidents in Italy and Germany mad middle classes do what?

Communist and Socialist groups gained support from most countries in Europe and the incidents in Italy and Germany made middle classes support parties who appeared to be prepared to actively oppose communists. ​

What was the disagreement about the treaty?

Clemenceau (the French PM) pushed for Germany to be punished and weakened. ​

What part of Germany attacked the treaty and the government that signed it?

The right wing

What did the Italian Nationalists say about the end of the war?

They said that it was a 'mutilated victory' and they emerged from the war weakened and not strengthened

What type of political divisions did the war bring?

Some looked to expand Italy and others who had been opposed to entry of the war

What were the New Democratic leaders forced to sign?

The treaty that imposed harsh terms on Germany