the individual & the group- social cognitive theory p. 220-228
socialization
the process of becoming a member of a social group
primary socialization
when a child learns the basic rules and norms of living in their group
social norms
rules that define acceptable actions within a given group
gender socialization
learning about attitudes/ behaviors acceptable for one’s gender
cultural socialization
learning about racial, cultural, or ethnic heritage
secondary socialization
comes from community, media, and extended family
social cognitive theory
learning is done either directly (performing a behavior and experiencing the consequences ourselves) or indirectly (observing the consequences of someone else performing the behavior)
triadic reciprocal determinism model
a model of the way that 3 sets of factors influence behavior: personal, behavioral, and environmental
agentic approach
examining the thought process (cognition) between the steps of observation and behavior
vicarious learning
learning from the mistakes and successes of others
vicarious reinforcement
learning from the reinforcements experienced by others
name one study important for social cognitive theory
Bandura, Ross & Ross (1961) Bobo Doll Study
retention (in terms of learning behaviours)
observers have to remember the behavior that was observed in order to repeat it
self-efficacy
the belief that one is capable of accomplishing a task
four sources of self-efficacy
mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, emotional and physical states