Unit 3 Module 8- Plant structures

Q: What component of the cell results in the characteristic “square” shape of plant cells?

A: Cell wall

Q: What cells have very thick and strong walls, making them ideal to create rope?

A: Sclerenchyma cells

Q: What stores the pigments that give flower petals their bright colors?

A: Chromoplasts

Q: Which tissues continue to grow throughout the life of a plant?

A: Meristematic tissues

Q: What are meristem tissues?

A: Regions of undifferentiated cells that enable plant growth

Q: What is the opening and closing of a stoma controlled by?

A: Guard cells

Q: What is the ground tissue towards the interior of the vascular tissues called?

A: Pith

Q: Which system is generally above ground in plants?

A: Shoot system

Q: What tissue do stems arise from?

A: Shoot apical meristem

Q: What is a rhizome?

A: A horizontal underground stem

Q: Where is the axillary bud usually found? What may it give rise to?

A: Found at the junction of stem and leaf; may give rise to branches or flowers

Q: What part of the leaf is the lamina?

A: The broad, flat part of the leaf blade

Q: Define phyllotaxy.

A: The arrangement of leaves on a stem or branch

Q: What structure reduces the rate of water loss from the surface of a leaf?

A: Cuticle

Q: Describe a tap root system.

A: A main central root with smaller lateral branches

Q: What is the benefit of root hairs?

A: Increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption

Q: What is the role of the Casparian strip?

A: Regulates water and mineral flow into the vascular cylinder of the root