OChem – Alkanes & Naming – Ch. 1–2 – May 5
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17 Terms
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What type of bonds do alkanes contain?
Only sigma (σ) single bonds
What is the IUPAC name for CH3CH2CH3?
Propane
What is the IUPAC name for CH3CH(CH3)CH3?
2-Methylpropane
What is the longest continuous chain of CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3?
Pentane
What is the IUPAC name for CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3?
2,3-Dimethylbutane
What is a constitutional isomer?
Molecules with the same formula but different connectivity
How many constitutional isomers does C4H10 have?
2
How many constitutional isomers does C5H12 have?
3
What is a substituent?
A group attached to the main carbon chain
What are the steps to name a branched alkane?
Find the longest chain, number to give lowest locants, list substituents alphabetically
What do you do when two substituents are on the same carbon?
Use both locants and prefixes: e.g., 2,2-dimethyl
Do prefixes like di-, tri-, tetra- affect alphabetical order?
No, ignore them when alphabetizing
What is a skeletal (line-angle) structure?
A shorthand where carbon atoms are at line ends and bends; H's are implied
How many bonds must carbon have in organic molecules?
4
What is the IUPAC name for a 6-carbon ring?
Cyclohexane
Note 
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