Year 8 - Reproduction & Physics!

The scientific term for 'making new organisms' is reproduction.

What is the scientific term for 'making new organisms'?

A gamete is a reproductive cell found in animals and plants.

What is a gamete?

Animal female gametes are called eggs and male gametes are called sperm.

What are the names for the two gametes in animals?

Plant male gametes are called pollen and female gametes are called ovum.

What are the names of the two gametes in plants?

Sexual reproduction produces more variation in offspring because the genetic material (DNA) comes from parents with different cells and two different species.

Which produces more variation in offspring: sexual or asexual? Why?

Self-pollination occurs when pollen from a plant fertilises the egg on the same plant. Cross-pollination occurs when pollen from one plant fertilises the egg from another plant. Cross-pollination is better for biodiversity as the reproduction process includes two plants.

Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination. Which one is better for biodiversity?

Binary fission is when an organism duplicates its DNA and then divides it into two. Bacteria reproduce this way.

Describe binary fission and give an example of an organism reproducing this way.

Budding is when a new organism develops from the bud of an existing organism. Hydra reproduce this way.

Describe budding and give an example of an organism reproducing this way.

Parthenogenesis is when the production of offspring occurs in the absence of a male. A reticulated python reproduced this way.

Describe parthenogenesis and give an example of an organism reproducing this way.

Fragmentation is when a fragment of the parent breaks off and develops. Starfish reproduce this way.

Describe fragmentation and give an example of an organism that reproduces this way.

Asexual reproductive system.

Asexual reproductive system.

In depth asexual reproductive system.

In depth asexual reproductive system.

Female reproductive system.

Female reproductive system.

Male reproductive system.

Male reproductive system.

Kinetic

_______ energy is energy in all moving objects.

Nuclear

________ energy is used widely throughout the world to generate electricity from atoms.

Potential

___________ energy is another name for stored energy.

Elastic

_________ energy is the energy stored in a compressed string.

Gravitiational

________ energy is the energy of an object when lifted off the ground.

Kinetic energy.

State the main form of energy in the following:
Water flowing slowly over a waterfall.

Kinetic energy.

State the main form of energy in the following:
A roller coaster at the lowest point of the ride.

Light energy.

State the main form of energy in the following:
The Sun coming in through a window.

Kinetic energy.

State the main form of energy in the following:
A boy riding his skateboard.

Elastic potential energy.

State the main form of energy in the following:
A stretched rubber band.

Light bulb.

Name a device that transforms:
Electrical energy -> Light energy.

Rubber band.

Name a device that transforms:
Elastic energy -> Kinetic energy.

Television.

Name a device that transforms:
Electrical energy -> Sound energy.

Generator

Name a device that transforms:
GPE -> Electrical energy.

Turbines.

Name a device that transforms:
Kinetic energy -> Electrical energy.

Energy can neither be created or destroyed. It can only be transformed or transferred.

State the law of conservation of energy.