Sign Language History (Unit 1)

Sign Language important people of Unit 1

Aristotle

Deaf people were classified with fools in the second century B.C. (Rabbis of the Talmud) and were excluded from the rights and obligations of citizenship in the sixth century. Until 16th his teaching of deaf mutes was unchalllenged

Girolamo Cordano

deaf taught with symbols associated with objects or symbols (mid 1500s)

Pedro Ponce de Leon

1555 oral education taken on by Spanish monk

Juan Pablo Monet

wrote the first book exclusively for deaf 1620

Abbe Charles Michel de L’Epee’s

founded the first public school for the deaf. His major accomplishment was the gathering together of deaf people, which created a Deaf community. This contributed to the further spread of a signed language.To this core of signs, he added his own articles, suffixes, prefixes, and so on to represent the elements of spoken French. Thus, he created the first manual code for a spoken language — what we might now call “Signed French

Abbe Sicard

successor to de l’Epee, , began teaching French to a brilliant deaf student,

Samuel Heinicke

Germany was becoming known for his oral education of deaf students. — was called the father of “pure oralism”. He believed that the use of sign language hindered the acquisition of speech. So, by the end of the 18th century, education of the deaf was firmly established

Thomas Hopkins Gallaude and Laurent Clerc,

—was sent to Europe to observe methods of education of the deaf with the intention of bringing these methods to America. He traveled first to Britain, where the Braidwoods had an established reputation as successful oral educators. The Braidwoods, however, were very secretive about their methods, so at the invitation of Sicard, — went to France. Sicard had been in England with his two brilliant students, Massieu and Laurent Clerc, demonstrating his method for the British Parliament.Clerc and Gallaudet raised funds and, in 1817, the first permanent school for the deaf opened in Hartford, Connecticut with Clerc as the first deaf teacher of the deaf in America. It was called the Institution for Deaf-Mutes, later renamed the American Asylum at Hartford for the Education and Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb

Institution for Deaf-Mutes

Clerc and Gallaudet raised funds and, in 1817, the first permanent school for the deaf opened in Hartford, Connecticut with Clerc as the first deaf teacher of the deaf in America

Gallaudet College

The only liberal arts college for the deaf in the world, was established in Washington D.C. in 1864 by President Lincoln.

Edward Miner Gallaudet

first president of Gallaudet

International Conference of Teachers of the Deaf met in Milan

The conference participants passed a resolution proclaiming the oral method to be superior to the manual method for “restoring deaf-mutes to society.” 1880

Alexander Graham Bell

an educator of the deaf and a supporter of the oral method-his support to shift the balance toward the oral method

Martha’s vineyard

island of se coast of Mass. with largest ches

President Abe

signes Gallaudet College in June 28,1864

William Stoke

Published 1st ASL Dictionary

recognized ASL as language, father of ASL

coined “parameters”, 4 parameters in sign (handshake, location, movement, orientation of palms

Ursula Bellugi

-compare how deaf children learn sing and speaking children

-child langugae aquisition

Carol Padden

researched deaf culture and deaf grammatical structure

no hand shakes, facial expression, school attendence importnat

3 things in deaf culture

Ted Supalla

-research nouns and verbs in ASL

-book “How Many Seats in Chair”

noun/verb pairs

same form different movement i.e chair and sit

Nancy Frishberb

-historical linguist of ASL

-iconic words

-space used in sign shrunk over time

-tow hands shift to one

Robbin Pattinson

-4th parameter

-loan signs or lexilazed signs (incorporated from other languages

Charlotte Baker Shenk

-sociolinguist

-reserch how asl used in conv. turn taking

Andrew Foster

1st AA to graduate Gallaudet

fathers of deaf edu in Africa (32 schools in diff nations in Africa)

Lou Fant

Actor ASL

(coda)

Helped with deaf actors and deaf theatre

-1977 linguist and signed language

Phyllis Wilcox

researcher of metaphor idiom, professor at UNM, ASL interpreter program

Manual Codes of Eng

Although ASL used it was rarely acknowledged. Goal was to teach “proper” english. Invented systems for representing English in signed modality.