French Religious Wars Key Terms

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

1559, France and Spain, ended Habsburg-Valois wars, Spain won, France has to recognize Spanish dominance in Italy

Habsburg-Valois Wars

1521-1559, war between Spain (Charles V) and France (most battles took place in Italy)

Francis I

French King, tried to raise revenue during the war by selling public offices and making a treaty with the Papacy (Concordat of Bologna)

Huguenots

French Calvinists

Henry II

French King, accidentally shot in the face at a tournament celebrating the treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

Catherine de Medici

The three weak sons of Henry II couldn’t lead well, so often their mother took power

Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

Catholic attack on Calvinists in Paris, Agusts 24, 1572. Few days afer marriage of Margaret Valois to Protestant Henry of Navarre in attempt to reconcile Huguenots and Catholics. People who came to attend the marriage were slaughtered and killed

Margaret of Valois

King’s sister (Catholic) who was supposed to marry Protestant Henry of Navarre, led to the St. Bart’s Massacre

Politiques

Catholic and Protestant moderates who held the belief that only a strong monarchy could save France from total collapse.

Henry of Navarre

Bridegroom of Margaret of Valois, was a politique, became Henry IV, French king, also known as Henry of Bourbon

Henry IV

Formerly Henry of Navarre, politique, Protestant, sacrificed religious principles for political necessity, saved France, converted to Catholicism, granted Edict of Nantes

Edict of Nantes

Granted by Henry IV, gave liberty of conscience and liberty of public worship to Huguenots in 150 fortified towns, helped restore internal peace.