APUSH - Topic 3.12 Movement in the Early Republic

1. Explain how and why migration and immigration to and within North America caused competition and conflict over time. 2. Explain the continuities and changes in regional attitudes about slavery as it expanded from 1754 to 1800

In what ways did Americans migrate after the creation of the US?

• moved westward

• recognized and supported by government from creation of the country

• Northwest Ordinance (enacted under Articles of Confederation)

  • organized migration, settlement, sale of govt. land, creation of states, public education, outlawed slavery

How were Native Americans treated in regards to westward expansion?

• Indian Intercourse Act (1790)

  • one of first laws

  • fed govt. in charge of all legal actions with NAs

  • fed govt. regulates land purchase, trade, travel over NA lands

  • ignored by settlers

• conflicts

  • govt. supported settlers in conflicts even though it was because settlers ignored laws and treaties with NAs

  • Battle of Fallen Timbers

  • NAs further weakened when British who had supported them left their posts

• migration

  • many tribes migrated to survive

  • some didn’t want to leave traditional grounds

  • moving to Spanish lands was good bet → Spanish more concerned with stopping US settlers, more lax with Native Americans

In what way did the population of the United States change?

• small amount of European immigration depending on level of peace in Europe

• continued importation of enslaved Africans

• population growth

  • plentiful food supply, more kids are good on farms

What invention caused a boom in slavery?

• cotton gin (1793)

  • needed more cheap labor to accompany invention of cotton gin

• mechanization of textile industry created higher demand for cotton

What was the conflict over the expansion of slavery?

• whether to allow slavery to expand westward

• Northerners

  • many opposed

  • didn’t want competition for enslaved workers in new lands

What were the trends in slave migration?

• some tried to escape

  • went north to a free state (Constitution required returning of slaves to owners)

  • Canada, NA land, Florida

• interregional slave trade

  • decline in tobacco market led to surplus of slaves (Chesapeake area)

  • selling slaves to cotton growers in the west was profitable

  • broke families apart