________- are porphyrins that contain Mg (II); are the key components in the conversion of solar energy into forms that can be used by living organisms.
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Geometric Isomerism
________- in which the arrangement of the atoms is different but the same bonds are present.
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Chelate
________ effect- the trend of generally larger formation constants for bidentate and polydentate ligands.
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Optical Isomerism
________- called d enantiomers, are mirror images that can not be superimposed on each other.
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Monodentate
________ ligands- ligands having only one donor atom.
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Bidentate
________ ligands- ligands having two donor atoms.
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Stereoisomers
________- which have the same bonds but different ways in which the ligands occupy the space around the metal center.
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Hemoglobin
________- the protein hat transports oxygen in human blood, is made up of four heme- containing subunits, each of which is very similar to myoglobin.
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Crystal Field Theory
________- first developed to explain the properties of solid crystalline materials.
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Polydentate
________ ligands- ligands have three or more donor atoms.
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Ferrimagnetism
________- has both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic characteristics.
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Spectrochemical series
________- ligands are arranged in order of their abilities to increase the crystal- field splitting energy.
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Ferromagnetism
________- a form of magnetism much stronger than paramagnetism.
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Absorption Spectrum
________- the amount of light absorbed by a sample as a function of wavelength.
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Ligands
________- the molecules or ions that bond to the metal ion in a complex.
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Metallurgy
________- the science and technology of extracting metals from their natural sources and preparing them for practical use.
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Myoglobin
________- a globular protein, one that folds into a compact, roughly spherical shape.
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Structural Isomers
________- which have different bonds.
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Alloy
________- a metallic material composed of two or more elements.
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Minerals
________- metallic elements found in nature as solid inorganic compounds.
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Prefixes
________ that give the number of ligands are not considered part of the ligand name in determining alphabetical order.
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Lewis
It is the bond between a ligand and a metal ion forms as a result of a(n) ________ acid- base interaction.
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adjacent atoms
The unpaired electrons align so that the spins in ________ or ions point in opposite directions.
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Transition metals
________ owe their location in the periodic table to the filling of the d subshells.
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Antiferromagnetism
________- the unpaired electrons on a given atom or ion align so that their spins are oriented in the direction opposite the spin direction on neighboring atoms.
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visible spectrum
When an object absorbs some portion of the ________, the color we perceive is the sum of the unabsorbed portions, which are either reflected or transmitted by the object and strike our eyes.
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Donor Atom
________- the ligand atom that binds to the central metal ion in a coordination complex.
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Porphyrins
________- complexes formed once porphine bonds to a metal ion, the two H atoms on the nitrogens are displaced.
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square planar geometry
The ________ is characteristic of transition- metal ions with eight d electrons in the valence shell.
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Octahedral crystal field
________- there are six ligands attached to the central transition metal.
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Greek prefixes
________ (di,- tri,- tetra,- penta,- hexa)- are used to indicate the number of each kind of ligand when more than one is present.
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Paramagnetic
________- a substance in which the atoms or ions have one or more unpaired electrons.
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CoF6 ^3
The [________- complex is a high- spin complex; that is, the electrons are arranged so that they remain unpaired as much as possible.
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complex ions
In naming ________ or molecules, the ligands are named before the metal.
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Secondary Valence
________- the number of atoms bonded to the metal ion.
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metal ion
He (Alfred Werner) proposed that any ________ exhibits both a primary valence and a secondary valence.
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Coordination sphere isomers
________- are isomers that differ in which species in the complex act as ligands, and which are outside the coordination sphere.
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Metal Complexes
________- species that are assemblies of a central transition- metal ion bonded to a group of surrounding molecules or ions.
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Coordination Compounds
________- compounds that contain complexes.
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crystal field theory
In ________, we consider the ligands to be negative points of charge that repel the negatively charged electrons in the d orbitals of the metal ion.
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Transition metals
________ and their compounds often exhibit magnetic properties.
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Metal ions
________ have empty valence orbitals, so they can act as Lewis acids.
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Ligands
________ are listed in alphabetical order, regardless of their charges.
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Transition metals
________ often have more than one stable oxidation state.
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Minerals
metallic elements found in nature as solid inorganic compounds
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Metallurgy
the science and technology of extracting metals from their natural sources and preparing them for practical use
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Mining
removing the relevant ore from the ground
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Alloy
a metallic material composed of two or more elements
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Magnetic Moment
a property that causes the electron to behave like a tiny magnet
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Diamagnetic Solid
all the electrons in a solid are paired, the spin-up and spin-down electrons cancel one another
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Paramagnetic
a substance in which the atoms or ions have one or more unpaired electrons
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Ferromagnetism
a form of magnetism much stronger than paramagnetism
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Ferrimagnetism
has both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic characteristics
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Metal Complexes
species that are assemblies of a central transition-metal ion bonded to a group of surrounding molecules or ions
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Coordination Compounds
compounds that contain complexes
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Alfred Werner
proposed the Werners Theory
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Primary Valence
the oxidation state of the metal
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Secondary Valence
the number of atoms bonded to the metal ion
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Donor Atom
the ligand atom that binds to the central metal ion in a coordination complex
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Monodentate ligands
ligands having only one donor atom
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Bidentate ligands
ligands having two donor atoms
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Polydentate ligands
ligands have three or more donor atoms
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Chelating Agents
bidentate and polydentate ligands
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Chelate effect
the trend of generally larger formation constants for bidentate and polydentate ligands
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Porphyrins
complexes formed once porphine bonds to a metal ion, the two H atoms on the nitrogens are displaced
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Myoglobin
a globular protein, one that folds into a compact, roughly spherical shape
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Hemoglobin
the protein hat transports oxygen in human blood, is made up of four heme-containing subunits, each of which is very similar to myoglobin
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Chlorophylls
are porphyrins that contain Mg(II); are the key components in the conversion of solar energy into forms that can be used by living organisms
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Structural Isomers
which have different bonds
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Stereoisomers
which have the same bonds but different ways in which the ligands occupy the space around the metal center
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Coordination-sphere isomers
are isomers that differ in which species in the complex act as ligands, and which are outside the coordination sphere
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Geometric Isomerism
in which the arrangement of the atoms is different but the same bonds are present
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Optical Isomerism
called d enantiomers, are mirror images that cannot be superimposed on each other
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Absorption Spectrum
the amount of light absorbed by a sample as a function of wavelength
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Crystal-Field Theory
first developed to explain the properties of solid crystalline materials
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Octahedral crystal-field
there are six ligands attached to the central transition metal
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Crystal-Field Splitting Energy
the energy gap between two sets
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Spectrochemical series
ligands are arranged in order of their abilities to increase the crystal-field splitting energy
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