Kin 312 - terminology

A-

Without

Dys-

Abnormal

Hypo-

Below normal

Hyper-

Above normal

Brady-

Slow

Hemi-

half

Quadr-

four

Para-

abnormal, near, beside

Myo-

Related to muscle

Neuro-

related to nervous system

Kinesia-

related to movement

Akinesia

inability to initaiate movement

Hypokinesia

decreased movement

Hyperkinesia

exaggerated movement

Bradykinesia

slow movement

Dyskinesia

abnormal movenment (difficulty controlling)

What is an example of dyskinesia movement?

Chorea found in huntingtons patients.

• is irregular assymetrical movement

-Tone

tension of muscle at rest

hypertonia

increased tension in muscles

hypotonia

decrease in muscle tone

dystonia

sustained contractions that cause repetative movements/ abnormal posture

Spasticity

excessive muscle tone initiatied by passive stretching

clonus

series of involuntary contractions due to sudden stretching

contractures

permanent shortening of muscle and tendon due to excessive tone

hyperreflexia

exaggerated reflexes

Plegia

paralysis

Hemiplegia

paralysis on one side of body

Paraplegia

paralysis of lower limbs

quadriplegia

paralysis of four limbs

-Paresis

weakness

Hemiparesis

weakness on one side of body

Pathy

disease

Myopathy

muscular disease (primary symptom is muslce weakness)

Neuropathy

Neural diseae (damage to periperal nervous system

Stesia

sensation

paresthesia

sensation of tingling/ numbness

taxia

order

ataxia

dyscoordination

praxia

work

apraxia

inability to carry out purposeful movements

phasia

language

Aphasia

problems understanding/ producing language

Hem-

blood

hemorrhage

ongoing bleeding

Hematoma

collection of blood outside blood vessels

Neglect

lack of perception on one side