Chapter 3 Overview

Roanoke

The first English colony in North Carolina established in 1585, which ultimately failed.

John White

Leader of the second Roanoke colony in 1587, known for his granddaughter Virginia Dare.

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in Virginia, established in 1607, known for its struggles with disease and starvation.

John Smith

Leader of Jamestown who implemented new rules and established trade with the Powhatan tribe.

Starving Time

The period from 1608-1610 in Jamestown when colonists faced extreme food shortages.

Tobacco

A cash crop introduced to Jamestown by John Rolfe in 1610, which became vital for the colony's economy.

Virginia Company

The joint-stock company that established Jamestown and allowed for the election of Burgesses.

Puritans

A religious group that sought to purify the Anglican Church and established the Massachusetts colony in 1630.

Mayflower

The ship that carried Separatists/Pilgrims to Plymouth in 1620.

Pequot War

A conflict in 1635-1636 between English settlers and the Pequot tribe, resulting in English victory and land acquisition.

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

The first written constitution in America, established in 1636.

Quakers

A religious group led by William Penn in Pennsylvania, advocating for equality and religious tolerance.

Triangular Trade

The trade system between the Americas, Africa, and Europe that involved goods, slaves, and resources.

Bacon’s Rebellion

A 1676 uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon against the Virginia governor, highlighting tensions between settlers and Native Americans.

Act of Toleration

A Maryland law passed in 1649 that granted religious freedom to all Christians.

Georgia

Established in 1732 as a colony for debtors, initially banning slavery but later allowing it for economic growth.

Cash Crops

Agricultural products like tobacco, cotton, and rice that were grown for profit in the Southern colonies.

Indentured Servants

Individuals who worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to America and land upon completion of their service.