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Cell
The basic unit of structure and function in the body.
Differentiated Cells
Cells that have developed specialized characteristics.
Cell Membrane
The outer boundary of the cell that maintains its integrity and regulates the entry and exit of substances.
Nucleus
The organelle that contains genetic material and directs cell activities.
Cytoplasm
The part of the cell that consists of organelles suspended in a liquid called cytosol.
Osmosis
Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion across the cell membrane through ion channels or transporters for substances that are not lipid-soluble.
Active Transport
Movement of substances across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, requiring ATP.
Endocytosis
Movement of a substance into the cell inside a vesicle.
Mitosis
The division of the nucleus during the cell cycle.
Cytokinesis
The division of the cytoplasm resulting in two daughter cells.
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death that is a normal part of development.
Tumor
An abnormal mass of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell division.
Stem Cell
A cell that can divide to form new stem cells or differentiate into various specialized cell types.
Progenitor Cell
A partially specialized stem cell that can differentiate into a limited number of specific cell types.
Totipotent
Cells that can specialize to become any cell type, such as a fertilized egg.
Pluripotent
Cells that can become a limited number of cell types during development.
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