The change of an object's position in space over time.
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What are the different types of motion?
Linear, projectile, circular/rotational, rolling, and vibrational/harmonic.
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What is linear motion?
The motion of an object in a straight line.
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Who was the first scientist?
Galileo Galilei.
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What did Galileo discover about moving objects?
Moving objects do not require a force to keep them moving (in the absence of friction).
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What happens to a ball on a downward-sloping plane?
It accelerates due to gravity.
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What happens to a ball on an upward-sloping plane?
It decelerates due to gravity.
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What happens to a ball on a horizontal plane?
Its speed remains unchanged indefinitely.
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What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
An object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by a net external force. An object in motion continues to travel with constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.
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What is force?
The reason objects change their motion is that a net force is applied.
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What are some well-known and less well-known forces?
Gravity (weight), tension, friction, normal force, electrostatic attraction/repulsion, and magnetism.
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What is the net force?
The sum of all individual forces acting on an object.
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What is a vector?
A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction.
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What is the resultant?
The sum of two or more vectors.
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What is vector resolution?
The process of finding a set of vectors that sum to a given vector.
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What is mechanical equilibrium?
When the net force acting on an object is zero.
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What is weight?
The force due to gravity acting on an object.
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What is the normal force?
The force perpendicular to a surface that keeps an object in contact with the surface.
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What is tension?
The pulling force applied by strings/ropes/wires.
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What is a transmitted force?
A force applied to one part of a "force medium" that is transmitted to another part of the medium.
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