Chapter 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Carbohydrates

________ and lipids, the primary energy- producing nutrients, are repositories of electrons coupled with hydrogen, frequently in the form of C- H bonds.

oxidation of glucose

The ________ in respiration transports electrons to a lower energy state, releasing energy for ATP production.

Photosynthesis

________ produces oxygen as well as organic compounds that are utilized as fuel by eukaryotic mitochondria.

Energy

________ flows into an ecosystem as sunlight and ultimately leaves as heat, while the chemical elements essential to life are recycled, as shown in the image attached.

Fermentation

________ is a catabolic process that involves the partial breakdown of sugars or other organic fuels without the use of oxygen.

Fuels

________ are compounds that can engage in exergonic processes.

puffin

The ________ gets its energy from sand eels and other aquatic creatures, whereas many other animals get theirs from photosynthetic species like plants and algae.

Aerobic respiration

________ is possible in the cells of most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic species.

organic components

The energy contained in food's ________ is ultimately derived from the sun.

Catabolic pathways

________ are metabolic processes that release stored energy by breaking down complex compounds.

summary equation

According to the respiration ________, hydrogen is transported from glucose to oxygen.

major combustion reaction

The ________ that happens at the burner of a gas stove is the oxidation of methane by oxygen.

Energy

________ enters an ecosystem as sunlight and departs as heat; nevertheless, the chemical components required for life are recycled.

oxidation of glucose

The ________ and other compounds in food, however, is the energy-yielding redox activity of most interest to biologists.

aerobic respiration

However, ________ is the most effective catabolic route, in which oxygen is used as a reactant alongside the organic fuel (aerobic is derived from the Greek aer, air, and bios, life)

cellular respiration 

The term ________ refers to Including both aerobic and anaerobic processes. However, it originated as a synonym for aerobic respiration because of the relationship of that process to organismal respiration, in which an animal breathes in oxygen.

activation energy

When we provide the ________ by lighting glucose, it burns in the air, producing 686 kcal (2,870 kJ) of heat per mole of glucose (about 180 g).