Unit 5 Test: Empires of the Americas, Renaissance, and Luther

In the Classical Period (600-1400 AD), societies in the Americas
A. Were stateless and had no large empires
B. Remained entirely separate from those of the Old World of Europe, Asia and Africa.
C. Had a vast trade network that spanned from Canada to the tip of South America
D. Were largely pastoral and did not involve permanent settlements

B. Remained entirely separate from those of the Old World of Europe, Asia and Africa.

What city did the Aztecs establish circa 1325 on a marshy island in Lake Texcoco as their capital?
A. Texcoco
B. Tenochtitlan
C. Chinampa
D. Teotihuacan

B. Tenochtitlan

The capital of the Inca Empire was located at
A. Cajamarca.
B. Cuzco.
C. Tihuanaco.
D. Chan Chan.

B. Cuzco.

In what ways did the Incan and Aztec Empires differ substantially from each other?
A. The Incan Empire promoted women's equality more than the Aztec.
B. The Incan Empire was much smaller than the Aztec Empire.
C. The Incan Empire built an elaborate bureaucracy to integrate conquered subjects, the Aztecs did not.
D. The Incan Empire did not draw on earlier Andean cultures, the Aztecs did.

C. The Incan Empire built an elaborate bureaucracy to integrate conquered subjects, the Aztecs did not.

The Incan concept of transferring power while keeping wealth with the deceased leader was known as
A. Split Inheritance
B. Inca despotism
C. Indian utilitarianism
D. Inca socialism

A. Split Inheritance

Which of the following statements about the Aztecs is correct?
A. The Aztecs had an extensive trade network that extended all the way to the tip of South America.
B. Aztec civilization was much like that of Ancient Greece in that it involved city-states rather than a united empire.
C. The Aztecs refused to engage in human sacrifice as part of their religion.
D. The Aztecs were unique in that they claimed no lineage or connection to earlier tribes.

B. Aztec civilization was much like that of Ancient Greece in that it involved city-states rather than a united empire.

Why did the Aztecs perform ritual human sacrifice?
A. They used victims' intestines to tell the future.
B. They believed the victims' blood replenished the energy of the sun and revived their civilization.
C. They did not have enough resources to feed prisoners, so they had to kill them anyway.
D. Aztecs believed that all non-Aztec peoples were not human and had to be exterminated before they corrupted the Aztec race.

B. They believed the victims' blood replenished the energy of the sun and revived their civilization.

This civilization was very war-like and conquered many other civilizations. It was located in Mesoamerica.
A. Aztec
B. Inca
C. Maya
D. Tain

A. Aztec

This civilization existed high in the Andes Mountains and built thousands of miles of roads through the tall mountain peaks. Machu Picchu is one of its most famous cities.
A. Maya
B. Inca
C. Aztec
D. China

B. Inca

All of the following were characteristics of the ancient Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations EXCEPT:
A. planned cities
B. belief in Hinduism
C. They farmed
D. the study of astronomy (the stars and outer space)

B. belief in Hinduism

In their political organization, the Maya were most like
a. classical Greece.
b. the Roman Empire.
c. the Niger Valley civilization.
d. the Kingdom of Aksum.

a. classical Greece.

Which of the following is a similarity amongst the Aztecs, Mayans, and Inca?
a. The belief that Jesus Christ was the son of God
b. Harsh climates made farming impossible
c. Human sacrifice
d. All three spoke Spanish

c. Human sacrifice

All of the following are true about the Aztecs, Maya, and Inca EXCEPT:
a. They were all polytheistic
b. They all had central cities that served as religious and political centers
c. All three civilizations embraced democratic ideals from the Ancient Greeks
d. They had advanced technology and architecture

c. All three civilizations embraced democratic ideals from the Ancient Greeks

How does Mayan civilization end?
a. They were conquered by the Europeans
b. Overcrowding caused them to move into North America
c. No one knows how or why the civilization ended
d. Invaders from Asia displaced the Mayans

c. No one knows how or why the civilization ended

The Artists of the Renaissance focused on
a. humanistic concerns.
b. the universe.
c. the spiritual world.
d. the Catholic Church.

The Artists of the Renaissance focused on

The development of printing in Europe led to
a. religious tolerance.
b. increased competition with China.
c. increased literacy.
d. increased corruption in the Roman Catholic Church.

c. increased literacy.

Luther criticized the Roman Catholic Church for
a. selling indulgences.
c. translating the Bible into German.
b. preaching forgiveness.
d. believing in the Bible.

a. selling indulgences.

Which of the following was a result of the Catholic Reformation?
a. Increased persecution of non-Catholics
b. No more Renaissance paintings in churches
c. The end of the Protestant religion
d. The spread of Calvinism to southern Europe

a. Increased persecution of non-Catholics

Which of the following contributed to the birth of the Renaissance in Italy?
a. a new translation of the Bible
b. the development of oil painting
c. a wealthy and powerful merchant class
d. the rise of Protestantism

c. a wealthy and powerful merchant class

Which of the following best explains why the Renaissance occurred in northern Europe later than it did in Italy?
a. There was little interest in the arts in northern Europe.
b. The Black Death delayed economic growth in northern Europe.
c. Few people were educated in northern Europe.
d. Northern Europe was a region of peasants.

b. The Black Death delayed economic growth in northern Europe.

Luther believed that
a. all Catholic sacraments were necessary for salvation.
b. the Pope was the sole religious authority.
c. the Bible was a hoax.
d. salvation could be achieved through faith alone.

d. salvation could be achieved through faith alone.

All of the following people were writers except
a. Desiderius Erasmus
b. Francesco Petrarch
c. Thomas Moore
d. Hans Holbein

d. Hans Holbein

Gutenberg's printing press resulted in all of the following except
a. higher literacy rates
b. more lenient rulers
c. cheaper books
d. more books in circulation

b. more lenient rulers

John Calvin taught
a. that a person's salvation was predetermined
b. that any person could be pope
c. that the Catholic Church could sell indulgences
d. that people should pray only on Saturday's

a. that a person's salvation was predetermined

A major patron(s) of the arts in the city of Florence was
a. Peter Paul Reuben
b. Jan and Hubert van Eyck
c. The Medici family
d. Thomas Moore

c. The Medici family

Which of the following is true regarding the rights of women within the Protestant faith?
a. Women were granted full rights in the new faith.
b. Although women were an important part of the movement, they soon lost many rights.
c. Only women could lead church services
d. Many women elected to stay with the Catholic Church as it offered them more rights.

b. Although women were an important part of the movement, they soon lost many rights.

The Renaissance was a rebirth of all of the following except
a. art, philosophy, education and learning
b. the classical culture of ancient Greece and Rome
c. the rigid teachings of the Catholic Church
d. Wealth, beauty and the glorification of the human body

c. the rigid teachings of the Catholic Church

One reason why the Renaissance began in Italy was
a. Its central location and growing trade and wealth
b. The fact it was situated far from any body of water
c. It was unified by one polytheistic religion
d. It rejected classical Greek and Roman accomplishments

a. Its central location and growing trade and wealth

Which value was important to the development of the Renaissance?
a. Strict social classes, like feudalism
b. Emphasis on the individual
c. Religious conformity (everyone believed in the same religion)
d. Mass healthcare

b. Emphasis on the individual

Which of the following Renaissance terms is most associated with being worldly or non-religious?
a. Vernacular
b. Humanism
c. Perspective
d. Secularism

d. Secularism

In order to become "patrons" like the Medici family, in Renaissance society, one needed to be which of the following?
a. Creative
b. Religious
c. Intellectual
d. Wealthy

d. Wealthy

Which of the following occurred during the age of the Renaissance (1300-1500)?
a. The literacy rates decreased in Europe
b. The rules of the church caused a decline in artistic creations
c. A rise in literacy rates led to an increase in learning and knowledge
d. The religious instability of the era caused many western Europeans to convert to Islam

c. A rise in literacy rates led to an increase in learning and knowledge

Which of the following accurately describes an effect of the printing press?
a. Books became more expensive to make
b. New ideas and books became increasingly difficult to get
c. Literacy increased and as a result people became more educated and worldly
d. There was a sharp decline in literacy rates

c. Literacy increased and as a result people became more educated and worldly

Why did Martin Luther write the 95 Theses, which led to the Protestant Reformation?
a. He was attacking the sale of indulgences and church corruption
b. He was translating the Bible into Latin so that everyone could understand
c. Catholic priests were not charging enough money for indulgences
d. He was trying to raise money to build a new church

a. He was attacking the sale of indulgences and church corruption

Which action could be considered a result of the Protestant Reformation?
a. Less branches of Christianity
b. Decline in the power of the Catholic Church
c. Sale of indulgences rose
d. The start of the Crusades

b. Decline in the power of the Catholic Church

B. used advanced technology to build complex structures

This illustration suggests that early Latin American civilizations
A. were based on European societies
B. used advanced technology to build complex structures
C. incorporated early Roman architectural design
D. were strongly influenced by Renaissance humanism

How did Henry VIII react when the Pope refused to annul his marriage?
a. He started a war.
b. He took over the English church.
c. He started the Reformation.
d. He imposed fines on the Roman Catholic Church.

b. He took over the English church.

The Catholic Church reacted to Luther's challenge by
a. excepting his demands for change
b. excommunicating him
c. sentencing him to death
d. making him pope

b. excommunicating him

B. Humanism

Art critics have noted that this painting glorifies the female body in the Renaissance. She is meant to inspire pure love. This is best represented by what idea of the Renaissance?
A. Chiaroscuro
B. Humanism
C. Perspective
D. Individualism