Lab Practical 1

Sclera

The tough white outer part of the eye that protects it and helps maintain its shape.

Cornea

The clear front part of the eye that focuses light entering the eye.

Optic Nerve

The nerve that sends visual messages from the eye to the brain.

Anterior Chamber

The space in the front of the eye filled with fluid that keeps it healthy.

Posterior Chamber

The space behind the iris that holds fluid to nourish the eye.

Vitreous Humor

The gel inside the eye that helps it hold its shape.

Lens

The part of the eye that focuses light onto the back of the eye.

Ciliary Body

The muscles that change the shape of the lens to help you focus.

Suspensory Ligaments

The fibers that hold the lens in place and help it change shape.

Iris

The colored part of the eye that controls how much light enters.

Pupil

The black center of the iris that lets light into the eye.

Retina

The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that sends images to the brain.

Choroid Layer

The layer under the retina that feeds it with blood and absorbs extra light.

Conjunctiva

The thin layer that covers the eye and keeps it moist.

Aqueous Humor

The fluid that fills the front of the eye and maintains its health.

Optic Disk

The spot where the optic nerve connects to the eye, creating the blind spot.

Lens Accommodation for Near Objects

When suspensory ligaments loosen and ciliary muscles contract, increasing lens curvature.

Pupillary Reflex for Near Objects

Circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax, causing pupils to constrict.

Lens Accommodation for Far Objects

When suspensory ligaments tighten and ciliary muscles relax, decreasing lens curvature.

Pupillary Reflex for Far Objects

Circular muscles contract and radial muscles relax, causing pupils to dilate.

Cataracts

A condition where the lens becomes cloudy or opaque due to aging, UV exposure, diabetes, and other factors.

Glaucoma

A condition affecting the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure.

Detached Retina

A condition where the retina separates from the underlying tissue, potentially leading to vision loss.

Macular Degeneration

A condition affecting the macula, responsible for sharp central vision, leading to progressive vision loss.