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what was the divine right of kings?
kings believed they were chosen by god to rule
what is feudum?
a piece of land given to barons in exchange for loyalty
why was feudum spread around the country?
to avoid one area being too strong
what did barons have to do in return for their feudum?
provide knights if needed
pay taxes
protect land
who did barons give land to? in exchange for what?
knights
what was an oath of allegiance?
people swore oath to people above the and to the king so they would not join a rebellion
what did peasants do for barons?
farm their land in exchange for living their (didn't own land)
how did the feudal system avoid rebellions?
oath of allegiance
barons land spread around country
what was the great council?
barons gathered to give views to monarch who did not have to listen to them
what was the charter of liberties?
set of promises a new monarch gave to barons
when did kind john rule?
1199-1216
what economic factor caused king john's unpopularity?
charged heavy taxes (scutage tax)
what religious factors caused king john's unpopularity?
disagreed with stephen langton becoming archbishop of canterbury
pope excommunicated john
england was put under an interdict
what is an interdict?
england not allowed to take part in church services (weddings
what is excommunication?
king john kicked out of faith
what is scutage tax?
tax knights payed to avoid fighting
why was it not a good idea to upset the pope or his clergy?
they were the only people that could write
what government factors caused john's unpopularity?
not a good warrior
not on good terms with church
not on good terms with barons
what military factors caused unpopularity for john?
not a successful soldier
lost land to france in 1204
lost battle of bouvines in 1214 (barons angry because they lost land)
what nicknames were given to king john?
soft sword
who was arthur?
john's nephew
how did king john abuse his power?
taxing barons to inherit land
why was king john a good king?
ensured fair trials
expanded british navy
won battles against welsh and scottish
who was fitzwalter?
leader of barons
when did king john sign the magna carta?
1215
why did king john sign the magna carta?
weakness in his forces
how many terms were in the magna carta?
63
what was the short term significance of the magna carta?
insignifiant because john didn't follow it
what was the long term significance of the magna carta?
established human rights (became a symbol of power)
showed king could be help responsible for actions
first
why was rochester important in the civil war?
it was in the middle of london and dover
who fought in the first barons war?
king john and supporters vs rebel barons and prince louis of france
what is an arbitrary government?
single person has unlimited power
what were the failures of king john?
argued with church
weak leader
increased scutage tax
paid mercenaries to fight in france (leaving him
what were some of the terms of the magna carta?
king must seek advice before asking for money
judges not allowed to accept bribes
right to a fair trial
king must not interfere with church
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