Review of the Estates Monarchy in Central Europe

These flashcards cover significant concepts, terms, and events related to the Estates Monarchy, the Thirty Years' War, and Enlightenment Absolutism, serving as a study aid for the exam.

Estates Monarchy

A political system in which the monarch shares power with various estates (nobility, clergy, and townspeople).

Absolutism

A political doctrine and practice where a single ruler holds absolute power, with little or no legal limitation.

Protestantism

A form of Christianity that originated from the Reformation, opposing aspects of Catholic Church practices.

Rekatolizace

The process of re-establishing Catholicism, often by force, in areas that had adopted Protestantism.

Defenestration of Prague

The event in 1618 where Protestant nobles threw two Catholic officials out of a castle window, setting off the Thirty Years' War.

Bílá Hora

The Battle of White Mountain; a significant battle in 1620 that led to the defeat of Czech estates and marked a turning point in Bohemian history.

Vestfálský mír

The peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648, with significant territorial and political implications for Europe.

Osvícenství

An intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, science, and progress.

Patents of Tolerance

Legal decrees that aimed to grant religious freedom and reduce the power of the Catholic Church.

Agrarian Reform

The process of restructuring land ownership and agricultural practices to improve efficiency and equity.