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Binyang central cave
grey limestone
late northern wei period
Longmen Grottoes
532 B.C.E.
Emperor Xuanwu
Shahyamuni buddha, Sutra of golden light, Buddhas of the three periods
Emperor Xuan wu
Commisioned the Binyang caves
parents died young/ murdered, made the cave to give them karmic merit
Mudra
gestures
Abhaya mudra
have no fear
Varada mudra
I can grant wishes
Sutra of golden light
Buddhist text brings karmic merit. Buddhists of the three periods mentions here
Empress and her retinue
grey limestone
late northern wei period
Longmen Grottoes
532 B.C.E.
outside Binyang central cave
Emperor and his retinue
northern wei period
Longmen Grottoes
532 B.C.E.
outside Binyang central cave
Mogao Cave 16
had sutras and manuscripts preserved in the cave, discovered by Marc Aurel Stein and Paul Pelliot
Marc Aurel Stein
archeologist, first
Paul Pelliot
Sinologist, second
The Dimond sutra
woodblock printed scroll on paper
Dunhuang
Tang dynasty
868 B.C.E.
creates karmic merit, good omens will happen
Mogao Grottoes, cave 45
Dunhuang
Tang dynasty
868 B.C.E
Scene in lotus sutra . The one who hears all the cries of the world
Mogao Grottoes, Shakyamuni and Prabhutaratna
Dunhuang
Tang dynasty
868 B.C.E
Scene in lotus sutra .
Guanyin as Guide to Souls
ink and color on silk painting
Dunhuang, cave 16
Tang dynasty
868 B.C.E.
Guide for souls, way to wish someone well when they die