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Attribution Theory
Person justifies behaviors and behaviors of others, whether situational or internal
Situational Attribution
Person blames situation for causing a behavior
Dispositional Attribution
Person blames another person’s internal characteristics for the behavior
Fundamental Attribution Error
Incorrectly attribute a person’s action, observer underestimates significance of situation and overestimates impact of personal disposition
Self-serving Bias
Reflects back on events they have experienced and only focuses on positive outcomes and blames negative outcomes on other factors
False Consensus Effect
Person overestimates how others think and act
Confirmation bias
Only focusing on info that confirms person’s pre-existing view
Just World Hypothesis
Tendency for people to believe world is fair and that things are the way that they are for a reason
Halo Effect
Positive first impression of someone they will interpret other information about that person in a positive way
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Person’s beliefs lead to fulfillment
Leon Festinger
Cognitive Dissonance
Elaboration Likelihood Model
Looks at ways a person can be persuaded so change their perception of concept, person, or object
Asch Line Experiment
Regarding to conformity line test in which confederates gave wrong answer leading to volunteers also giving wrong answer
Milgram’s Obedience Experiment
Teacher as volunteer, confederates as learners, learners who said words wrong would be shocked, the teachers continued to shock even if learners were in clear pain and distress
Stanford Prison Experiment
Prisoners put in cells and guards told to keep order, individuals took on roles in this roleplay experiment and lost identity and became really the roles
Explicit Prejudice
Aware of and consciously agree with certain prejudice
Implicit Prejudice
Unconscious beliefs and feelings against another or group
Scapegoat Theory
Have prejudice against another person or group and blame them for an outcome
Frustration Aggression Hypothesis
Person gets frustrated makes them angry when angry makes them aggressive
Altruism
Concern and belief for the well-being of others above one’s own needs
Companionate
Attraction more intense than friendship but lacking intimacy
Passionate
Attraction is physical and intense but does not have strong commitment
Consummate
Attraction has passion, intimacy, and commitment
Note 
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