Unit 10 Cold War

Yalta Conference

US, Britain and SU met to divide Germany into zones controlled by Allied military forces

United Nations

meant to protect members against aggression, members: Britain, China, France, US, Soviet Union

Containment

US wanted to contain the spread of communism

Truman Doctrine

US foreign policy gave aid to Greece and Turkey to win them over to stop communism

Marshall Plan

US gave aid to western Europe to keep them stable

Zones in Berlin

Berlin was divided into 4 zones of occupation by Britain and France

Berlin Blockade

Soviets put their own currency in Berlin and Soviets cut off resources from West Berlin

Berlin Airlift

Cargo planes flew from West Germany to West Berlin, allies gave West Berlin supplies

Berlin Wall

West:US allies East: USSR allies, some people fled from East to West embarrassing for the communists, showed the separation of communism and capitalism

Hungary

Protested and demanded freedom, led by Imre Nagy

Soviet response to Hungary

Soviets invaded, killed Nagy

Brezhnev

Nikita lost power, Brezhnev replaced Nikita but limited human rights

Leader of Czecholsovakia

Alexander Dubcek, allowed more freedom, wanted socialism “Prague Spring”

Soviet response to Czechoslovakia

Ordered Warsaw Pact, Dubcek removed from power

Brezhnev Doctrine

Brezhnev invaded, Czechoslovakia and used lots of force but the justified the invasion “Brezhnev Doctrine”

Molotov Plan

Soviets created economic union with Eastern European nations

NATO

Truman formed a military alliance with western European Nations and Portugal and Iceland were members

Soviet Atomic Bomb

Soviets were threatened by America so they built atomic Bomb

Hydrogen bombs

very big, very destructive, first dropped by US then by USSR

ICBM’S

missiles were dropped, first developed by Soviets

Sputnik

Soviets launched space satellite

US satellite program

NASA was formed, more math and science in the US but Vanguard launch didn’t work and US was embarrassed “flopnik”

Detente

period of decreased tension during Cold War, Nixon came to power, he was anti-Stalin

“Star Wars”

Reagan very anti-communist, SDI made (increased spending) to protect against missiles

Response by US when Soviet Union helped Latin America

US started giving aid as well

US dictator in Cuba

Fulgenico Batista

New Cuban leader

Fidel Castro, communist and limited lots of freedoms

American reaction to Fidels government taking control of American owned businesses

put an embargo to stop trade with Cuba

Bay of Pigs Invasion

US attempted to have people invade and overthrow Castro, but instead pushed Castro closer to USSR

Cuban Missile Crisis

Kennedy ordered missiles out of Cuba, and Cuba became more dependent on USSR

Cuba Today

little food

little healthcare

economy struggles

limited government freedoms

Vietnam war was what kind of war?

proxy war, fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam

Outcome of Vietnam War

Vietnam is now communist

Vietcong

communist guerillas

mujahideen

afghan rebels

Afghanistan was..

communist

How did US aid Mujahideen

US gave money and supplies

Soviet soldiers in Afghanistan

little healthcare, lots of sickness

outcome of Russo-Afghan War

Afghanistan won, Taliban came into power

Khmer Rouge

communist guerillas in Cambodia led by Pol Pot, closed Cambodia to outside world, turned Cambodia in a forced labor camp

Cambodia as a result of the Cold War

Vietnam moved into Cambodia, and US started bombing Cambodia

Nuon Chea

Pol Pot’s deputy, approved killings during Cambodian genocide

proxy war

groups who are supported by a larger power fight each other

North Korea

communist, Kim Il Sung was first leader, divided at 38th parallel

South Korea

US ally, Syngman first leader

Korean War

North invaded South, US helped south and MacArthur wanted to drop atomic bombs, China helped North,

DMZ

border between South and North Korea

Outcome of Korean War

South Korea anti communist, North Korea Communst

North Korea Today

totalitarialist

very close supervision

leaders are worshipped as gods

people have no freedom

US feared…

puppet governments

unexpected actions of Soviets

US wanted…

peace

capitalism

safety and security